|
ORF cDNA clones
|
CRISPR / TALEN
|
Lentivirus
|
AAV
|
TALE-TF
|
ORF knockin clones
|
|
Antibody
|
Proteins
|
miRNA target clones
|
qPCR primers
|
shRNA clones
|
miRNA products
|
Promoter clones
|
Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for RARA(NM_001145301.3) Search again
Product ID:
HQP160001
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
NR1B1, RAR, RARalpha
Gene Description:
retinoic acid receptor alpha
Target Gene Accession:
NM_001145301.3(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Summary
Retinoid signaling is transduced by 2 families of nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR; see MIM 180245), which form RXR/RAR heterodimers. In the absence of ligand, DNA-bound RXR/RARA represses transcription by recruiting the corepressors NCOR1 (MIM 600849), SMRT (NCOR2; MIM 600848), and histone deacetylase (see MIM 601241). When ligand binds to the complex, it induces a conformational change allowing the recruitment of coactivators, histone acetyltransferases (see MIM 603053), and the basic transcription machinery. Translocations that always involve rearrangement of the RARA gene are a cardinal feature of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL; MIM 612376). The most frequent translocation is t(15,17)(q21;q22), which fuses the RARA gene with the PML gene (MIM 102578) (Vitoux et al., 2007 [PubMed 17468032]).[supplied by OMIM].
Gene References into function
- two critical hits for promyelocytic leukemia
- UBE1L is a retinoid target that triggers PML/RARalpha degradation and apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia
- Interactions of STAT5b-RARalpha, a novel acute promyelocytic leukemia fusion protein, with retinoic acid receptor and STAT3 signaling pathways.
- Results show that both RARalpha and RARbeta are mediators in the anticancer function of All-trans retinoic acid via AP-1 activity inhibition.
- induces acute promyelocytic leukemia in a mouse model
- obesity is associated with an inverse relationship between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and RARalpha expressions in subcutaneous adipose tissue
- the silencing of the RAR alpha2 promoter by hypermethylation may play a contributory role in the dysregulation of RA signaling in mammary tumorigenesis.
- Retinoid-induced G1 arrest and differentiation activation are associated with a switch to cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase hypophosphorylation of the receptor.
- IL-3-induced enhancement of retinoic acid receptor activity is mediated through Stat5, which physically associates with recombinant human retinoic acid receptors in an IL-3-dependent manner.
- In normal epithelium, both RAR-alpha and -gamma present with minimal nuclear accumulation. Increased in luminal epithelial nuclei in prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia
- RAR pan-agonists and the RARalpha-selective agonist Am580, but not RXR agonists, stimulate the expression of SOX9 in a wide variety of retinoid-inhibited breast cancer cell lines.
- mutational analysis of human retinoic acid receptor alpha ligand binding domain
- Cryptic translocation of PML/RARA on 17q. A rare event in acute promyelocytic leukemia.
- endocrine molecule retinoic acid, and its receptor RARs play a critical role in alveolarization during the neonatal period of the lung.
- REVIEW the biology of RARalpha, and the RARalpha fusion proteins created in APL and the normal forms of the partner proteins
- data suggest that Sp110b is a transcriptional cofactor negatively regulating retinoic acid receptor alpha-mediated transcription
- RARA has a distinct role and functional mode in mediating tretinoin-induced signalling.
- In a 9-cis retinoic acid-dependent fashion in cells in vitro, retinoic acid receptor alpha isoform stimulates the expression of reporter constructs containing the site that binds aldehyde dehydrogenase-2.
- depletion of vitamin A and retinoid receptors by UV irradiation, together with unchanged or even increased c-Jun levels, might seriously interfere with retinoid signaling and thus promote future tumor development, especially in keratinocytes.
- role in development of myelodi leukemia with promyelocytic features
- Results show an increased DNA binding of the retinoic acid receptor alpha/retinoid X receptor alpha heterodimer and the stability of nuclear localization of this heterodimer, which facilitates signal transduction.
- intrinsic ageing of human skin is accompanied by significant elevation in the content of RAR alpha
- Increase in expression of RARalpha is associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas
- retinoic acid receptor-alpha is synthesized by activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes
- PML-retinoic acid receptor alpha activities are regulated by neutrophil elastase in early myeloid cells
- CDDO-Im downregulates RARA expression in acute promyelocytic leukemic cells.
- inhibition of monocyte differentiation all contribute to the oncogenic activity of PML-RARalpha
- analysis of estrogen activation of the retinoic acid receptor alpha1 gene in breast cancer cells
- Transient transfection of either all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) receptor alpha or estrogen receptor alpha expression vectors increased cellular retinoic acid binding protein II expression in MDA-MB-231 cells
- all-trans-retinoic acid, an RARalpha ligand, regulates IFNgamma-induced IRF-1 by affecting multiple components of the IFNgamma signaling pathway, from the plasma membrane to the nuclear transcription factors
- loss of one copy of PU.1 through deletion, plus down-regulation of the residual allele caused by PML-RARalpha expression, synergizes to expand myeloid progenitors susceptible to transformation, increasing the penetrance of acute promyelocytic leukemia
- p16INK4a, RARbeta, and MGMT expression is activated by genistein and related soy isoflavones partially through a direct inhibition of DNA methyltransferase
- RARA is the first myeloid-specific transcription factor shown to be dysregulated by both translocation and aberrant methylation
- All trans retinoic acid suppresses 24-hydroxylase expression through RARalpha-dependent signaling pathway and can enhance vitamin D action in suppression of cell growth.
- protein kinase b interacts with RARalpha and phosphorylates the Ser96 residue of its DNA-binding domain.
- Ski seems to be involved in the blocking of differentiation in AML via inhibition of RARalpha signaling
- PML-RARalpha functions by recruiting an HDAC3-MBD1 complex that contributes to the establishment and maintenance of the silenced chromatin state
- permanent transcriptional silencing is mediated by the association of PML-RAR with chromatin-modifying enzymes and by recruitment of the histone methyltransferase SUV39H1, responsible for trimethylation of lysine 9 of histone H3
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor activates the retinoic acid receptoralpha through SMRT antagonism
- The NPM-RAR localizes diffusely throughout the nucleoplasm. NPM-RAR does not alter the localization of PML in transfected HeLa cells, and does not associate with PML in vitro.
- analysis of cytoplasmic function of mutant promyelocytic leukemia (PML) and PML-retinoic acid receptor-alpha
- ASXL1 is a novel coactivator of RAR that cooperates with SRC-1
- frequencies of the PML-RARalpha transcripts and subtypes in a series of 32 APL patients from Northeast Brazil
- prevalence of anti-RARalpha antibodies in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia
- providing an explanation for how cAMP synergizes with retinoic acid for transcription
- The PML-RARA fusions can be identified by molecular analyses such as reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
- liganded RXRalpha is a potent activator of endogenous SOX3 protein expression
- AML1/ETO participates in a protein complex with the RA receptor alpha (RARalpha) at RA regulatory regions on RARbeta2.
- Selection of the RARalpha locus in leukemia patients occursas the consequence of the nuclear architecture of the different RAR loci.
- our results indicate that activator Sp1 and repressor RXRalpha:RARalpha act in concert to regulate MRP3 expression.
- RARalpha/RXRalpha heterodimer is involved in the differential regulation of the GnRH II gene in neuronal and placental cells
- the hormone-independent association between PML-RARalpha and coactivators contributes to its ability to regulate gene expression
- Ligand binding to RAR would play a major role in the assembly and intracellular location of a signaling complex involving RAR and the subunits of PI3K.
- Am-80-induced cell-type non-specific growth inhibition is mediated by TGF-beta2, where the total mass of RARalpha could be an important regulatory factor in hematologic malignant cells
- Retinoic-acid-induced RAR-CAK signaling events appear to proceed intrinsically during granulocytic development of normal primitive hematopoietic cells. ALDH-governed RA availability may mediate this process by initiating RAR-CAK signaling.
- p21WAF1/CIP1 is a common transcriptional target of retinoid receptors RAR and RXR
- demonstrate the distinct regulatory mechanisms of p300 and TR3 on RXRalpha acetylation
- PML/RAR gene cytogenetic abnormalities in APL
- Promoter hypermethylation of RAR alpha is associated with prostate cancer progression
- These results would shed new insights for the molecular mechanisms of PML-RARalpha-associated leukemogenesis.
- Mechanisms responsible for deregulation of gene expression in acute myeloid leukemia support the notion that diminished RARA expression contributes to leukemogenesis.
- supports an active role for PLZF and RARalpha-PLZF in leukemogenesis, identifies up-regulation of CRABPI
- CCR4 plays a role in the regulation of certain endogenous RARalpha target genes and RCD1 and CCR4 might mediate their function through their interaction with NIF-1
- Topoisomerase II beta associates with & negatively modulates RARalpha transcriptional activity. Increased levels of and association with TopoIIbeta cause resistance to retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines.
- IN COLONIC SERRATED ADENOMAS Three genes (TNFRSF10A, BENE, RARA) with strongly significant expression intensities in the oligonucleotide microarray
- a role for RAR-alpha engagement in the regulation of genes and proteins involved with human T cell activation and type 2 cytokine production
- PML/RARalpha fusion protein mediates the unique sensitivity to arsenic cytotoxicity in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells.
- whereas transcriptional activation of PML-RARA is likely to control differentiation, its catabolism triggers leukemia-initiating cell eradication and long-term remission of mouse acute promyelocytic leukemia
- Acute promyelocytic leukemia with insertion of PML exon 7 a and partial deletion of exon 3 of RARA is reported.
- These data indicate that the RAR/RXR heterodimer is a critical regulator of human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation, and pharmacological modulation of RXR signaling prevents the loss of human HSCs that otherwise occurs in short-term culture.
- Derangement/lack of a critical factor necessary for RARalpha function induces epigenetic repression of a RA-regulated gene network downstream of RARalpha, with major pleiotropic biological outcomes.