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Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for ATF2(NM_001256091.2) Search again
Product ID:
HQP151917
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
CRE-BP1, CREB-2, CREB2, HB16, TREB7
Gene Description:
activating transcription factor 2
Target Gene Accession:
NM_001256091.2(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Summary
This gene encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins. This protein binds to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE), an octameric palindrome. The protein forms a homodimer or heterodimer with c-Jun and stimulates CRE-dependent transcription. The protein is also a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) that specifically acetylates histones H2B and H4 in vitro; thus it may represent a class of sequence-specific factors that activate transcription by direct effects on chromatin components. Additional transcript variants have been identified but their biological validity has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq].
Gene References into function
- Infrequent mutations of the activating transcription factor-2 gene in human lung cancer, neuroblastoma and breast cancer
- activation by growth factors via phosphorylation of Thr71 through the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway and of Thr69 through RalGDS-Src-p38
- Phosphorylation of one of the downstream transcriptional factors of MAPK cascade, ATF2, was 3.2- and 2.0-fold induced by TPA and Saikosaponin a, respectively.
- JNK-dependent phosphorylation of ATF2 plays an important role in the drug resistance phenotype likely by mediating enhanced DNA repair by a p53-independent mechanism.
- ATF-2 and ATF3 seem to play an important role in the protective response of human cells to ionizing radiation
- ATF4 and ATF2 have roles in regulating CHOP expression
- In melanoma strong cytoplasmic ATF2 expression was associated with primary specimens rather than metastases and with better survival. Strong nuclear ATF2 expression was associated with metastatic specimens and with poor survival.
- differentiation-dependent expression and phosphorylation of ATF2 protein physically and functionally interacts with C/EBPalpha and coativator ASC-2 and synergizes to induce target gene transcription during granulocytic differentiation
- ATF2 and HO-1 are regulated and induced by biliverdin reductase
- genes affected by ATF2 and ATF2-sm appear to belong to discrete groups
- ATF2 expression in the neuron of normal human brain. But downregulation in the Neurodegenerative Disease( Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease and Parkinson disease).
- Data demonstrate that the protein kinase ATM phosphorylates ATF2 on serines 490 and 498 following ionizing radiation (IR).
- activity of the AP-1 components c-Jun, ATF2, and c-Fos is altered in renal cystic tissue of patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
- Resistin induces PTEN expression by activating stress signaling p38 pathway, which may activate target transcription factor ATF-2, which in turn induces PTEN expression
- These studies establish p38 MAP kinase-mediated activation of ATF-2 as a significant mechanism in amylin-evoked beta-cell death, which may serve as a target for pharmaceutical intervention and effective suppression of beta-cell failure in type-2 diabetes
- gamma-gene induction by butyrate and trichostatin A involves ATF-2 and CREB1 activation via p38 MAPK signaling.
- Sin1 may contribute to ATF-2 signaling specificity by acting as a nuclear scaffold.
- Binding of ATF2 to the CD1A promoter in human monocytes suggests a role for ATF/cAMP response element binding protein family members in regulation of CD1A expression.
- Shear stress and KLF2 inhibit nuclear activity of ATF2, providing a potential mechanism by which endothelial cells exposed to laminar flow are protected from basal proinflammatory, atherogenic gene expression.
- This study demonstrates that ATF2 mediates the TGF-beta-induced MMP-2 transcriptional activation, elucidating a molecular mechanism for the malignant progression of human breast epithelial cells exerted by TGF-beta.
- ATF-2 may be a key regulator of the human insulin promoter possibly stimulating activity in response to extracellular signals.
- ATF2, but not CREB, was a target for the TAK1-JNK pathway, and p38 negatively regulated TAK1 activity through TAB1 phosphorylation.
- The transcription factor ATF2, which is phosphorylated and activated by JNK, is a critical mediator for inducible expression of DUSP1 and DUSP10 in this signaling pathway.
- ATF2/STAT3 signaling pathways are activated and may play a role in development of eccrine porocarcinoma and eccrine poroma.
- review of signaling pathways that activate ATF-2, as well as its downstream targets [review]
- analysis of regulation of ATM activation by ATF2-dependent control of TIP60 stability and activity
- Overexpression of phosphorylated-ATF2 and STAT3 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen's disease and basal cell carcinoma.
- IRF2-BP1 is a JDP2-binding protein enhancing the polyubiquitination of JDP2 and represses ATF2-mediated transcriptional activation from a CRE-containing promoter.
- This review summarizes the current understanding of ATF2 regulation and function.
- overexpression of p-ATF2, p-STAT3 and possibly p53, but not p63 or p73, may contribute to the tumorigenesis of cutaneous vascular tumors.