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Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for ESR1(NM_000125.3) Search again
Product ID:
HQP095571
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
ER, ESR, ESRA, ESTRR, Era, NR3A1
Gene Description:
estrogen receptor 1
Target Gene Accession:
NM_000125.3(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Validated result:
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| A | B |
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Each All-in-One™ qPCR Primer is experimentally validated to yield a single dissociation curve peak and to generate a single amplification of the correct size for the targeted gene. A cDNA Pool, containing reverse transcript products of 8 different human tissue total RNA(Liver, Testis,Muscle,Thyroid,Brain,Spleen,Stomach,Small Intestine)),was used as the qPCR validation template. qPCR was performed using 0.2 µM primer with 2XAll-in-One™ qPCR Mix (Catalog#: QP001,QP002,QP004,QP005). Reactions were incubated for 10min. at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 sec.; 60°C, 20 sec. and 72°C, 15sec. using Bio-Rad iQ5™ Instrument. At the end of the last cycle, temperature was increased from 72 to 95°C to produce a melting curve. Panel A: Validated Result for Amplification Curve; Panel B: Validated Result for Melting Curve. |
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Summary
This gene encodes an estrogen receptor, a ligand-activated transcription factor composed of several domains important for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activation of transcription. The protein localizes to the nucleus where it may form a homodimer or a heterodimer with estrogen receptor 2. Estrogen and its receptors are essential for sexual development and reproductive function, but also play a role in other tissues such as bone. Estrogen receptors are also involved in pathological processes including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and osteoporosis. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants, which differ in their 5' UTRs and use different promoters. [provided by RefSeq].
Gene References into function
- The ligand-binding domain of estrogen receptor alpha has been expressed, purified, and crystallized to yield high amounts of soluble protein, in order to solve the structure in its native form without renaturation or modification steps.
- ERa but not ERbeta is present in human preadipocytes
- Association of a T262C transition in exon 1 of estrogen-receptor-alpha gene with skeletal responsiveness to estrogen in post-menopausal women.
- To determine whether receptor-induced changes in DNA structure are related to transactivation, we compared the abilities of ER alpha and ER beta to activate transcription and induce distortion and bending in DNA.
- Estrogen receptors are found in brain areas involved in regulation of food intake. The anorexic effects of estrogen are accentuated by stress, thus that variation in the estrogen receptors may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to AN in females.
- Reduction of coactivator expression by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides inhibits ERalpha transcriptional activity and MCF-7 proliferation
- mutations targeted to predicted helix in the extreme carboxyl-terminal region alter its response to estradiol and 4-hydroxytamoxifen
- expression of estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta were studied in leiomyomas and homologous myometrium from women in the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle and from women treated with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue
- Estrogen receptors play a role in the activation of amino acid transport system A by estrogen.
- patients that progressed to breast cancer showed significantly higher ER-alpha expression in their HUT (hyperplasia of usual type)foci compared with controls
- There was strong linkage disequilibrium between the three loci and a significant sex difference was observed in allele (for (TA)(n), PvuII) and genotype (for XbaI) frequencies.
- Results indicate a weak and transient activation of estrogen receptors by estradiol stimulation that may be enhanced by growth factors.
- RTA, a negative coregulator for ERalpha was isolated
- Coronary artery wall atherosclerosis in relation to the estrogen receptor 1 gene polymorphism: an autopsy study; the ESR1 gene is a potential candidate behind the pathogenesis of acute coronary events
- role in blood pressure
- Mutations of tyrosine 537 in the human estrogen receptor-alpha selectively alter the receptor's affinity for estradiol and the kinetics of the interaction
- these results show that although estrogen can up-regulate endogenous PR gene expression in osteoblasts via both ER isoforms, ER-alpha is the predominant inducer
- Postmenopausal women with coronary disease who have the ER-alpha IVS1-401 C/C genotype, or several other closely related genotypes, have an augmented response of HDL cholesterol to hormone-replacement therapy.
- Results show that DNA-102 produced a 36-fold increase in the level of total ER alpha mRNA and a 12-fold increase in the level of mRNA for the F isoform transcribed from the upstream F promoter, and induced a more differentiated osteoblastic phenotype.
- the extent of AF-2-dependent cofactor recruitment by ERalpha or ERbeta is affected both by ER ligands and estrogen-responsive element sequences
- Association of polymorphisms of the oestrogen receptor alpha gene with the age of menarche
- Interaction of transcriptional intermediary factor 2 nuclear receptor box peptides with the coactivator binding site of estrogen receptor alpha
- crystal structures of the ER alpha ligand binding domain (LBD) bound to both THC and a fragment of the transcriptional coactivator GRIP1, and the ER beta LBD bound to THC
- MAP kinase mediates growth factor-induced nuclear translocation of estrogen receptor alpha.
- Identification of ten exon deleted ERbeta mRNAs in human ovary, breast, uterus and bone tissues: alternate splicing pattern of estrogen receptor beta mRNA is distinct from that of estrogen receptor alpha.
- possesses a novel large-scale chromatin unfolding activity when tethered or recruited to DNA
- demonstrated that ERalpha but not ERbeta directly interacts with calmodulin
- effect on cyclin D1 expression
- genetic variants in panic disorder
- in addition to the alternative cis-splicing, the hER alpha gene is also subject to natural trans-splicing
- estrogen via estrogen receptor 1 directly modulates differentiation of bipotential stromal cells into the osteoblast and adipocyte lineages, causing a lineage shift toward the osteoblast
- contribution of genetic polymorphism of oestrogen and androgen receptor (AR) genes in male infertility
- ADA3-containing complexes associate with estrogen receptor alpha
- PRMT2 is a novel ERalpha coactivator.
- review of connections and regulation of the human estrogen receptor alpha
- tentative findings provide evidence that genetic variation in ESR1 may modify coronary reactivity and LDL oxidation and reflect differences in the early pathogenesis of coronary dysfunction in these healthy young men
- Expression of c-erbB-2 in node negative breast cancer does not correlate with estrogen receptor status, predictors of hormone responsiveness, or PCNA expression.
- The constitutively activated MAP kinase cascade in endometrial cancer cells enhances ERalpha transcriptional activity via the AF1 domain. This activation pathway may be involved in the stimulatory effect of tamoxifen on endometrial cancer.
- Structural regions (BOX-1 & -2)required for the ability of ERalpha to induce transcription synergistically from tandem ERE sequences are also critical for the interaction of the receptor with the co-regulatory proteins.
- Formation of an hER alpha-COUP-TFI complex enhances hER alpha AF-1 through Ser118 phosphorylation by MAPK.
- These results suggest that the estrogen receptor alpha gene is a susceptibility locus for bone mass, especially for the femoral neck, in elderly Japanese women.
- We outline additional exons in the genes' 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions, a new polymorphic ER alpha microsatellite and a nested gene.
- MCF-7 cell line stably expressing GFP-tagged human estrogen receptor-alpha under control of the tetracycline-on system to determine the effect of GFP-ER expression on cell proliferation and expression of endogenous ER and hormone-responsive genes
- decrease in estrogen receptor alpha and progesterone receptor A and B concentration in the early phase of first stage labor may play a role in cervical dilation at term
- Activation of ER-alpha by estrogen results in tumor progression by stimulating cell growth and invasiveness via acceleration of the expression of matrix metalloproteinases.
- ERalpha is phosphorylated at Serine 118 in vivo
- ER-alpha and its mRNA were detected in both the cytosolic and nuclear compartments of skin fibroblasts.
- Data show that ER alpha and not ER beta silences caveolin-1/-2 expression in an epigenetic fashion in neuronal cells.
- leucine 372 may be an important part of the interaction surface on estrogen receptor alpha that is responsible for corepressor binding
- differences in the abilities of estrogen receptors alpha and beta to integrate activation functions through functional interactions between amino and carboxyl termini are critical for the transcriptional strength of ER subtypes
- Upstream open reading frames regulate the translation of the multiple mRNA variants
- both transactivation and down-regulation of estrogen receptor alpha by adrenal androgens increase with aromatase overexpression in transfected MCF7 cells
- Lack of association between ESR1 gene polymorphism and Parkinson's disease with dementia.
- Polymorphic variation of the ER-alpha gene appears to have little effect on the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in men.
- identification and characterization of a new tissue-specific promoter that is involved in the expression of ER-alpha in the epididymis and in testis
- ERalpha and ERbeta make unique contributions to xenoestrogen action in target cells
- present data indicate that polymorphism of the estrogen receptor alpha gene and multidrug resistance 3 gene mutation are unlikely to play any significant role in obstetric cholestasis in affected Finnish women
- Estrogen receptor-alpha is present in the human growth plate in childhood and adolescence
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms of estrogen receptor alpha may have role in pathogenesis of human renal cell carcinoma possible genetic risk in carcinogenesis
- Association between the estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms XbaI and PvuII and circulating levels of androstenedione was demonstrated, with the highest levels of the hormone being found in the xx and pp genotypes, as compared to XX or PP genotypes
- expression of either ERalpha or beta lowers both basal and stimulated PPARgamma-mediated transactivation, demonstrating that signal cross talk exists bidirectionally between PPARgamma and ER in breast cancer cells
- Polymorphic in endometrial cancer
- Although 17beta-estradiol and hypoxia induce proteasome-dependent degradation of ERalpha, their effects on transactivation are different, and this may have implications for clinical treatment of mammary tumors.
- present data indicate that polymorphism of the estrogen receptor alpha and multidrug resistance 3 genes 1712delT mutation are unlikely to play any significant role in obstetric cholestasis in affected Finnish women
- ER alpha can physically and functionally couple to the lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase (PI3K). This interaction leads to activation of PI3K signaling cascade to Ser/Thr kinase Akt.
- These results demonstrate a novel pathogenic mechanism whereby mutations in BRCA1, via their interaction with ER-alpha, could promote tumorigenesis through the hormonal regulation of mammary epithelial cell proliferation and impaired VEGF
- Transcriptional synergism between a p160 coactivator and this protein depends on the coactivator subtype, the type of estrogen response element, and the promoter context.
- studies suggest that the cooperative interaction of the estrogen receptor with Fos and Jun proteins helps confer estrogen responsiveness to the endogenous progesterone receptor gene
- the binding of different ligands to ESRA influences the A/D-F domain interaction and results in specific functional outcomes
- Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms Pvu II and Xba I influence association between leptin receptor gene polymorphism (Gln223Arg) and bone mineral density in young men.
- estrogen receptor alpha-mediated transcription is regulated by a direct interaction with protein phosphatase 2A
- REVIEW: phosphorylation of ESR1 and kinases phosphorylated in response to activation of ESR1
- data indicate that coordinated expression of ERalpha and ERbeta might be necessary for normal estrogen action in myometrium and that estrogen appears a dominant regulator of both receptors in the myometrium
- Estrogen receptor alpha binds to different selective estrogen receptor modulators based on the sequence of ERalpha
- our results indicate an important role for Mediator, as well as its functional interplay with p300/CBP-SRC, in the enhancement of ERalpha-dependent transcription with chromatin templates
- estrogen receptor alpha has a critical amino acid (Asp-538) in helix 12
- A novel coregulatory protein, template-activating factor-Ibeta (TAF-Ibeta), is identified, which binds to ERalpha in vitro when the receptor is not complexed with an estrogen response element.[TAF-Ibeta]
- A truncated estrogen receptor alpha 46-kDa isoform in vascular endothelial cells mediates activation of nitric oxide synthase by estrogen.
- Ligands differentially modulate the protein interactions of the human estrogen receptors alpha and beta
- a single residue in the ligand-binding domain determines the stereoselectivity of ERalpha
- The estrogenic down-regulation of PTP gamma expression in human breast is associated with ER alpha.
- Data show that liganded ERalpha is a much more potent transcriptional activator than ERbeta with chromatin templates, but not with naked DNA.
- dinucleotide repeat polymorphism of the ER alpha gene may contribute to specific components of personality.
- Mechanistic differences in the activation of this protein's and ER beta-dependent gene expression by cAMP signaling pathway(s).
- Interaction domains of Smad4 and ERalpha are mapped and shown to be essential for transcriptional repression of ERalpha by Smad4.
- F domain interactions with nuclear cofactors are required for ERalpha/Sp1 action
- Estrogen receptor alpha has a role in rapid, nontranscriptional responses to estrogen in endothelial cells through interacting with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.
- Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor concentrations and ERalpha transcription levels were not statistically different between ethnic backgrounds.A causative role for these receptors in the ethnic variation of leiomyoma biology seems unlikely
- Resveratrol acts as an estrogen receptor (ER) agonist in breast cancer cells stably transfected with ER alpha.
- This protein is expressed and synthesized in the human internal thoracic artery.
- Association study of oestrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphism and suicidal behaviours in major depressive disorder in females.
- Inhibitory AhR-ERalpha cross talk is linked to a new pathway for degrading ERalpha in which TCDD initially induces formation of a nuclear AhR complex which coordinately recruits ERalpha & the proteasome complex, resulting in degradation of both receptors
- 2 domains of PRB, ERID-I and -II, mediate a direct interaction with the ligand-binding domain of ERalpha.
- REVIEW: Role of estrogen receptor-alpha in pharmacogenetics of estrogen action
- The considerable increase in estrogen production during pregnancy may play a role, via the ER-alpha, in the stimulation of cytotrophoblast differentiation & promote function in normal placentae.
- analysis of isoforms of estrogen receptor alpha
- Cyclic turnover of hERalpha permits continuous responses to changes in the concentration of estradiol
- Due to alternative splicing, the 46-kDa endothelial cell protein (ER46) is an amino-terminal truncated product of full-length ER alpha (ER66).
- our data suggest that HRG-beta1, bound to the ErbB2 ErbB3 heterodimer, in the presence of membrane ER-alpha, interacts with and activates PI 3-K/Akt.
- study of the equilibrium dissociation constant for homodimerization of ERalpha
- ERalpha co-activator caveolin is negatively regulated by the steroid receptor itself
- estrogen-induced estrogen receptor degradation serves to control physiological responses in human vascular endothelium by down- regulating estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta through different proteasomal uptake mechanisms
- estrogens may inhibit thymoma growth via estrogen receptor alpha, and estrogen receptor alpha immunoreactivity may act as a prognostic factor in human thymoma
- there are at least ten isoforms of ER alpha mRNA containing different 5'-untranslated regions, exons (A), B, C, D, T1-T2, T1, F-E2, F, E1-E2 and E1, expressed in human, and that these are involved in tissue specific expression of the gene.
- Mutation of Leu-536 in estrogen receptor-alpha alters the coupling between ligand binding, transcription activation, and receptor conformation.
- During trophoblast differentiation, ER-alpha is associated with a less differentiated state. Asymmetric segregation of ER-alpha may play a role in asymmetric division of estrogen-dependent cells.
- p53-independent activation of the hdm2-P2 promoter through multiple transcription factor response elements results in elevated hdm2 expression in estrogen receptor alpha-positive breast cancer cells.
- Polymorphisms have been determined in the coding region of the human ERalpha gene. It is hypothesized that these polymorphisms are associated with renal cell carcinoma.
- estrogen receptor-mediated estrogen signalling is modulated by a co-regulatory-like function of activated AhR/Arnt, giving rise to adverse oestrogen-related actions of dioxin-type environmental contaminants
- estrogen (E2)-depleted medium in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line results in hypersensitivity to E2 coinciding with elevated levels of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha phosphorylated on Ser118 and MAPK
- results indicate that the naturally occurring variant ERDeltaE7 is a dominant negative receptor that, when expressed at high levels relative to wild-type ERs, might have profound effects on several estrogen-dependent functions
- ER-alpha gene may have minor effects on bone density variation in the Chinese population.
- Estrogen receptor-alpha regulates the degradation of insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 in breast cancer cells
- ESR1 dinucleotide repeat is not associated with premature myocardial infarction or with hyperlipidemia in caucasian women.
- In women there was an allele dose effect of haplotype "px" and a low number of minisatellite repeats with decreased lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) and decreased vertebral bone area.
- Estrogen receptor alpha regulates expression of the orphan receptor small heterodimer partner
- polymorphisms in the ERalpha gene are associated with radiographic OA of the knee, and in particular with osteophytosis, in both elderly men and elderly women.
- results suggest that, in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, estrogen receptor (ER) turnover, localization, and activity are maintained by an equilibrium between various phosphorylation pathways, which are differently modulated by ER ligands and protein kinases
- Data indicate that serines 104, 106, and 118 are important for ligand-dependent ER dimerization, and that MAP kinase mediated phosphorylation may be important for ER function, in yeast model systems.
- malignant ovarian epithelial cells demonstrated multiple alterations in the expression of estrogen receptor-alpha, estrogen receptor-beta, progesterone receptor A, and progesterone receptor B
- SNCG is required for efficient ER-alpha signaling in brest cancer.
- Rare polymorphisms at codons 119 and 432 of CYP1B1 gene have higher risk for endometrial cancer, and positive correlations with ERalpha and ERbeta expressions in endometrial cancer.
- estrogen receptor alpha binds to thymine-DNA glycosylase and potentiates transcription of estrogen-regulated genes
- Truncated estrogen receptor product-1 stimulates estrogen receptor alpha transcriptional activity by titration of repressor proteins
- polymorphism in codon 10 of ERalpha may be a risk factor for prostate cancer.
- Oestrogen-activated ERbeta presents a lower transcriptional activity compared with ERalpha, probably due to structural differences in the AF-1 regions of the receptors. Genistein and daidzein act as weak agonists of the oestrogenic activity via ERalpha.
- Estrogen receptor alpha was seen in the sebaceous gland.
- The methylation status of estrogen receptor-alpha is cell specific in cancer cell lines.
- interaction between estrogen receptor 1 alpha and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms leads to increased risk of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in women, largely independent of bone mineral density
- ERK7 is a novel regulator of estrogen responsiveness through its control of ER alpha turnover
- ER-alpha and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms are related to bone mineral density in pre- and post-menopausal women
- Activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) induces ligand-independent coactivation of ERalpha by SRA
- ESR1 polymorphism maybe associated with risk of endometrial neoplasms.
- adrenomedullin may be involved in both normal and malignant tissue growth and because of the correlations with estrogen receptor alpha and beta status, there is evidence that ovarian cancer is endocrine-related
- estradiol treatment results in binding to membrane ER-alpha and interaction with a heterodimer containing ErbB2, leading to tyrosine phosphorylation. This results in the activation of PI 3-K and Akt. Akt, in turn, may interact with nuclear ER-alpha
- up-regulates the MIS promoter activity under low concentrations of E2
- Results of this study indicate that genetic polymorphisms in the ER-alpha gene may play a role in the etiology of breast cancer.
- estrogen receptor alpha Px haplotype and collagen IA1 s allele may be involved in causing the phenotypic expression of higher circulating levels of parathyroid hormone and higher bone turnover, which may lead to bone loss
- ESR1 polymorhism is significantly associated with familial prostate carcinoma risk.
- ERalpha immunocytochemical expression in AD patients did not differ from that in elderly controls.
- Subgroup of women with vulvar vestibulitis syndrome who exhibit abnormal estrogen receptor-alpha expression. May be helpful in explaining why some women are resistant to medical treatment
- Functional and clinical implications of observed ER alpha distribution in the hypothalamus are discussed in relation to reproduction, autonomic-function, mood, cognition, and neuroprotection in health and disease.
- Findings show that in endometrial hyperplasia and low-grade endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, coordinate increase in cdc25B and phosphorylated ER-alpha occurs.
- The Px haplotype of the ER alpha gene is associated with low BMD values in females, as the phenotype is gender dependent (the association was not observed in males.
- Women homozygous for the T-allele of the PvuII polymorphism of estrogen receptor-alpha gene who are treated with coronary stent implantation have a higher risk of in-stent restenosis than men.
- data provide an alternative mechanism of LDL receptor gene expression by non-classical estradiol- and tamoxifen-stimulated induction through an ER-alpha/Sp1 complex
- Our results reveal an association between a common estrogen receptor genotype, ESR1 c.454-397CC, and increased odds of myocardial infarction.
- ER ligand and estrogen response element (ERE) sequence work together to regulate in vivo binding of ER to estrogen-responsive promoters.
- upregulation of VEGF-A expression by 2-Methoxyestradiol is mediated through ER-alpha
- qualitative and quantitative analysis and comparison of mRNA ER-alpha and its isoforms concentration profile in endometrial adenocarcinoma and normal endometrium
- The findings of key roles for histone deacetylases and nucleosome-remodeling complexes in limiting transcription implies that transcriptional activation is a cyclical process that requires both activating and repressive epigenetic processes.
- Thus, our findings indicated that TAS-108 acts as a novel estrogen antagonist that recruits co-repressors to ERs without AF-1 activation or prevention of DNA binding.
- AIB1-Delta3 causes a significant increase in the efficacy of 17beta-estradiol at both estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) and ER-beta in ovarian, breast and endometrial cancer cell lines
- In node-negative primary breasst tumors, IGF-IR positively correlated with ERbeta but not with ERalpha, tumor size or grade.
- a role for genetic variations in the estrogen receptor alpha gene in determining adult stature in women was demonstrated
- differential recruitment of steroid receptor coactivator-1 and silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid receptors by estrogen receptor-alpha and beta in breast cancer may be central to the response of the tumor to endocrine treatment
- transcriptional repression by tamoxifen-bound ER at E-regulated gene promoters involves a dynamic interplay of multiple distinct chromatin-modifying/remodeling complexes
- ERalpha and ERbeta are located within the MCF7 cell mitochondrial matrix
- ERalpha and ERbeta interaction with their cognate target DNAs require the C-terminal extension and HMGB-1/-2
- Tranhcriptional activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase via estrogen receptor (ER)alpha and ERbeta in human pregnant myometrium.
- both ER-alpha and ER-beta mRNA are expressed in human mature adipocytes with a large predominance of ER-alpha mRNA
- Overexpression of ESRA suppresses gap junctional intercellular communication in endometrial carcinoma cells.
- Estrogen receptor alpha genotype associations were statistically significant in explaining rate of perimenopausal bone loss and bone turnover.
- Shc and IGF-1R serve as key elements in the translocation of ERalpha to the cell membrane and in the facilitation of ERalpha-mediated rapid E2 action
- ER-alpha has a role in CpG island methylation near the TGA initiation codon of the ER-alpha gene in gastric cancer cell lines
- HMGA1 cooperates with either the N- or the C-terminal transcriptional activation domain of the estrogen receptor to stimulate estrogen response element binding and promoter transcriptional activity
- Estrogen receptor alpha has a role in human breast cancer [review]
- estrogen receptor-alpha may have a role in male breast cancer development [review]
- Polymorphisms in ER-alpha gene can affect breast cancer susceptibility and may be related to other protein expression.
- direct functional activation of ERalpha is caused by amplification of estrogen signal induced by leptin
- Data describe the influence of allelic variations of the vitamin D receptor and estrogen receptor genes on bone mineral density.
- ER alpha interacts with the p55 regulatory subunit of PI3K, whereas ER beta interacts with Akt1 in spermatozoa
- Molecular determinants of Era in the selectivity of 16 alpha-iodoestradiol were studied.
- human estrogen receptor-alpha functions are modulated by s-palmitoylation
- Of the approximately 100 regulated genes we identified, some were stimulated by E2 equally through ERalpha and ERbeta, whereas others were selectively stimulated via ERalpha or ERbeta
- No evidence of the ESR1 missense mutation A908G was found in breast carcinomas, epithelial hyperplasias or in breast cancer cell lines studied.
- ER-/Progesterone receptor- breasst tumors in age > 50. ER+/PR+ status was associated with higher frequency of methylation.
- nuclear factor-kappaB has a role in mitogen-activated protein kinase-induced estrogen receptor-alpha down-regulation in breast cancer cells
- T(4), like E(2), causes phosphorylation by MAPK of nuclear ERalpha at serine-118 in MCF-7 cells and promotes cell proliferation through the ER by a MAPK-dependent pathway.
- Data identify two peptides that are highly selective for tamoxifen-bound estrogen receptor (ER) alpha or beta, and suggest that these peptides recognize a novel tamoxifen-induced binding surface that is distinct from the agonist-induced AF-2 surface.
- SAFB1 represses ERalpha activity via indirect association with histone deacetylation and interaction with the basal transcription machinery
- ER-alpha genotype may modulate relationship between BMD or rates of bone loss and estrogen levels in men. Bone mass in men with the X or P alleles may be more susceptible to consequences of estrogen deficiency than in men with the xx or pp genotypes.
- Effect of estrogen was caused through the estrogen receptor subtype alpha.
- Shift of ERalpha from nucleus to cytoplasm in elderly females with absence of Alzheimer's disease(AD). AD showed more nuclear ERalpha and much stronger AD neuropathology.
- the transcriptional activity of ERalpha relies on its AF-1 transactivation function in most estrogen target cell types
- Male and female AD patients had lower ER alpha and beta densities in CP compared to non-AD patients.
- role in expression of progesterone receptor B-isoform
- When present in pituitary tumors, estrogen receptor-alpha exhibits a high concentration, and is more common in nonfunctioning and invasive adenomas, but absent in ACTH-secreting ones.
- ER alpha mRNA was increased at 6 days but not at 14 days whilst ER beta mRNA expression was only increased at 14 days with 17 beta estradiol treatment
- genetic variation in hormone receptors, in particular the ESR1 gene, may play a role in migraine.
- ERalpha has a role in tamoxifen induction of maspin by recruiting cofactors to the maspin promoter region
- FOXP1 is a potential ER coregulator in human breast carcinoma and may also independently regulate additional important pathways that control the progression of breast cancer
- estrogen receptor-alpha regulates metastatic tumor antigen 3 pathway
- Data suggest that the exon 3-deleted estrogen receptor (ERDeltaE3) inhibits wild-type ER activity and negatively regulates proliferation of MCF-7 cells.
- Data show that estrogen receptor (ER)beta was degraded in the presence of 17beta-estradiol, and in contrast to ERalpha, ERbeta degradation was not abolished by inhibitors of the proteasome-mediated protein degradation pathway.
- estrogen receptor redistribution to the cytoplasm and its interaction with HER2 are important downstream effects of HER2 overexpression
- Novel single-nucleotide polymorphism provides a tool for human genetic studies of diseases in the African population.
- Keratinocytes express ER-alpha. Estradiol up-regulates ER-alpha in keratinocytes & induces their proliferation. The binding of estradiol to ER in keratinocytes has a calculated Bmax of 14.2 fmol/mg of protein
- Postmenopausal women who carry ESR1 haplotype 1 (c.454-397 T allele and c.454-351 A allele) have an increased risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic heart disease, independent of known cardiovascular risk factors.
- ERalpha activated the PAI-1 promoter through a proximal ERE (-427) and possibly additional EREs located within the PAI-1 promoter.
- estrogen receptor alpha is inhibited by melatonin via a calmodulin pathway
- ER alpha exists as dimers, a structural requirement that supports rapid signal transduction and affects cell physiology.
- ERalpha and ERbeta genes show CpG methylation in breast neoplasms, and CpG methylation of the ERbeta gene seems to play a role in cell proliferation
- Era-positive breast cancer cells were identified by gene expression profiling of an intrinsic set of estrogen regulated genes.
- methylation of the CpG sites inside ERalpha gene promoter F here analyzed may contribute to ERalpha transcriptional control, influencing the tissue specific expression of the gene
- Neither the PvuII nor the XbaI polymorphism or haplotypes thereof were associated with the risk of all-cause dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Nondemented women who carried the PvuII p allele or haplotype 'px' had smaller amygdalar volumes on MRI.
- Data show that CCND1 promoter activation by estrogens in human breast cancer cells is mediated by recruitment of a c-Jun/c-Fos/estrogen receptor alpha/progesterone receptor complex to the tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-responsive element of the gene.
- AIB1 plays a dual role in regulating ERalpha activity, one in recruiting transcription factors including other coactivators involved in gene activation and the other in regulating ERalpha protein degradation mediated by the ubiquitin-proteosome machinery
- there is cross-talk between Wnt and estrogen signaling pathways via functional interaction between beta-catenin and ERalpha
- These results suggest that ERalpha is the functionally dominant partner in the ERalpha/beta heterodimer.
- nuclear IRS-1 interacts with ERalpha and that this interaction might influence ERalpha transcriptional activity
- In the presence of estradiol ERalpha induced CRH-binding protein promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner.
- ERalpha transcriptional activity is regulated by XBP-1 through modification of large-scale chromatin unfolding
- the agonist activity of tamoxifen-bound ERalpha is enhanced by SRA, which may contribute to tamoxifen resistance
- The present study shows that Pvull-Xbal ERalpha gene polymorphism is associated with BMD during childhood.
- methylation of ESR1 is both age-dependent and tumor differentiation-dependent and age-dependent methylation of ESR1 may represent a mechanism linking aging and prostate cancer
- results indicate that the mitochondrial ERs can interact with mtEREs and suggest that they may be directly involved in E2 induction of mtDNA transcription
- The genetic variation at the ESR1 locus influences susceptibility to persistent HBV infection in a Chinese population.
- ESR1 may be a possible risk factor for female or generalized type of vitiligo patients.
- 17beta estradiol promotes Hela cell survival through ER alpha non-genomic signaling and cell death through ER beta non-genomic signaling
- Activated by phosphorylation at Ser118 by cdk7.
- Fibronectin and type IV collagen activate ERalpha AF-1 by the c-Src pathway in breast cancer
- DRIP205 coactivation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) involves multiple domains of both proteins
- Uterine leiomyomas, myometrium, and endometrium display distinct patterns of estrogen receptor alpha and beta expression.
- estrogen receptor alpha has a role in regulating an association between exercise and pubertal bone mineral density
- results demonstrate that transcriptional adaptor ADA3 protein directly binds to human estrogen receptor alpha and beta and enhances the transcription of estrogen receptor-responsive genes
- ERalpha palmitoylation has a role in the receptor localization to the cell membrane and in the regulation of the E2-induced cell proliferation
- expression of AP-1-dependent genes is inhibited by the cJun dominant negative; the AP-1 blockade does not affect mRNA ERalpha expression or estrogen induction of estrogen-responsive element activity
- The relative binding affinities (RBA) of typical ligands with the alpha-subtype of the human estrogen receptor ligand-binding domain (hERalpha LBD)are calculating their binding energies.
- The ESR1 gene exerts differential genetic effects on bone mineral density and fracture risk.
- the context of the lactoferrin gene influences the ERalpha-mediated transcriptional activity.
- the ERE sequence impacts estradiol-and 4-hydroxytamoxifen-occupied ERalpha interaction with coregulators as measured by transcriptional activity in mammalian cells
- The expression of Delta5 variation in uterine carcinoma may provide a mechanism by which tumors could maintain expression of E2-responsive genes in the absence of E2.
- Studies demonstrate the existence of a variant ER-alpha(var2) protein localized in the nuclei in breast cancer cell lines. Specific binding of 17beta-E2 by these cells suggest the ER-alpha(var2) may act as active receptor.
- Coronary artery cross-sections were immunostained for Androgen receptor, estrogesn rseceptor alpha, and Estrogen receptor beta and then measured semiquantitatively in each arterial wall.
- No evidence was found for a relationship between common variants of the ERalpha gene and the CYP17 gene with age at natural menopause.
- differential expression of AR, ERalpha and ERbeta in dermal papilla of hair follicles
- estrogen receptor alpha and beta signalling have roles in the naringenin-induced apoptotic cascade in cancer cells
- ESRA signaling complex at the cell membrane was analyzed.
- striatin is the molecular anchor that localizes ERalpha to the membrane and organizes the ERalpha-eNOS membrane signaling complex
- Estrogen receptor alpha mRNA levels were reduced in the basomedial nucleus in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.
- PELP1 functionally interacts with both ERalpha and ERbeta and enhances their transcriptional responses.
- High levels of ER-alpha in endometrial cancer may inhibit cancer growth by modulating angiogenic factors, thereby limiting the blood supply to the growing tumor.
- ER alpha and Ki67 might be involved in distinct pathological and molecular features during breast cancer development
- abundance and specific localization of estrogen receptors alpha and beta in human term myometrium seems to be independent of its contractile activity which may point to the specific role of those receptors in late pregnancy myometrium
- ESRA has a role in modulating IGF-I receptor signaling and function in breast cancer
- Loss of estrogen receptor alpha is associated with prostatic tumors
- found in nuclei of peripheral cells of sebaceous glands while secretory epithelium of apocrine glands of axilla were negative
- Estrogen receptor alpha mRNA and protein in kidney alters with age and shows sex differences.
- cultured and freshly isolated endometrial endothelial cells each express ER-beta mRNA but not ER-alpha.
- ER may play a role in the rapid effects of resveratrol in EC and some of the atheroprotective effects of resveratrol may be mediated through rapid activation of ER signaling in EC
- PvuII polymorphism and the ER-alpha haplotype may be associated with the bone mineral density at several femur sites in postmenopausal Korean women
- Coactivation of ERalpha by DRIP150 in ZR-75 cells is NR box-independent and requires a novel sequence with putative alpha-helical structure.
- ERalpha interacts with Sp1 transcription factor in breast cancer cells.
- The affinity, specificity and stability of complexes formed between estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen response elements are examined and an alternate mechanism proposed for the various effectors involved in the fine-tuning of gene expression.
- levels of mER-alpha play a role in the temporal coordination of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events for the ERKs in breast cancer cells
- molecular mechanisms underlying ligand-dependent signaling in the ER/AP-1 pathway
- Expressed in primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) but not in normal subjects. Low ER-alpha in PBC and disappearance in advanced histological stages suggests that estrogenic deficiency could favour evolution toward ductopenia.
- association of ERalpha gene PvuII polymorphism with PCOS determined
- binding to calmodulin is required for normal transcriptional function of ERalpha
- Myasthenia gravis (MG) patients showed increased expression of estrogen receptor(ER) alpha on thymocytes and both ER alpha and beta on T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- a partial BRCA1 : ER-alpha three-dimensional structure is proposed
- Positive immunohistochemical staining for ERalpha of an an adenocarcinoma in a gastric biopsy is diagnostic for metastatic breast carcinoma.
- This study suggested that BCAS2 might play an important role in breast cancer development by increasing the estrogen receptor's function.
- Transfection of wild-type or specifically mutated human ERalpha into sheep cells expressing tranfected COX-1 shows that the AF-1 region within the A-B domains of ER is important for Sp1 activation. Similar domains within AF-1 may bind Sp1 & AP-2.
- Data suggest that the ER-alpha gene polymorphisms and ER status may have an interactive effect on breast cancer survival.
- the subnuclear positioning of SMRT is influenced by the ligand-bound ERalpha, and this activity is dependent on the ratio of the co-expressed ERalpha and SMRT
- Expression of mRNA for estrogen receptors-alpha and -beta in breast tumors before and after 3-month neoadjuvant hormone therapy with antiestrogen tamoxifen and/or aromatase inhibitors.
- The activation of ER gene expression by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine involves the release of the repressor complex involving various methyl-binding proteins, DNMTs, and HDAC1.
- ER alpha* 14 TA repeats and the CYP17* A1 allele are associated with an increased risk of endometriosis
- Alternative splice variants more ofter seen in Alzheimer disease than in normal mammillary nucleus mrna.
- expression of ESRA, bcl-2 and c-myc gene expression in fibroadenomas and adjacent normal breast is related to nodule size, hormonal and reproductive features
- ARA70 is a coactivator for estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and may represent a functional link between ERalpha/androgen receptor (AR) modulating their cross-talk in models of estrogen signaling in MCF-7 and HeLa cells
- Expression of estrogen receptors (ERs)-alpha and -beta analyzed in human fetal ovaries at various gestational ages.
- regulation of phosphorylation of ER-alpha and EGFR may play critical roles in EGF-induced transcriptional activation of WISP-2 gene in breast tumor cells
- loss of estrogen receptor alpha correlates with increasing malignant transformation of endometrial carcinoma
- N-CoR and SMRT play an active role in preventing tamoxifen from stimulating proliferation in breast cancer cells through repression of a subset of target genes involved in ERalpha function and cell proliferation
- ERalpha/beta heterodimers exert unique effects on estrogen- and tamoxifen-dependent gene expression in human U2OS osteosarcoma cells
- Activation of protein kinase C delta by phorbol myristate acetate resulted in activation and nuclear translocation of ERalpha.
- ER alpha-AHR-ARNT protein-protein interactions mediate estradiol-dependent transrepression of dioxin-inducible gene transcription
- The Xba I gene polymorphism of ERalpha gene was associated with breast cancer risk, more significantly in postmenopausal women.
- Polymorphisms in combination with lifestyle factors may be associated with breast cancer risk in older Caucasian women.
- analysis of estrogen receptor alpha membrane localization and function [review]
- Estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta mRNA levels increased from the first to the second trimester and then decreased until normal term delivery.
- hsp90 ligands induced an estsrasdiol and MG132-inhibited decrease of both estrogen receptor-alpha and -betas cell content.
- Valproic acid invokes reversible promoter shutoff of estrogen receeptor alpha.
- Transient transfection of either all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) receptor alpha or estrogen receptor alpha expression vectors increased cellular retinoic acid binding protein II expression in MDA-MB-231 cells
- Estrogen receptor alphaeffects on SULT2A1 were greater than the stimulation seen in response to steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1).
- demonstrate that Smad4 induces apoptosis by regulating Bim splicing as an initial intrinsic signal in ERalpha-positive cells
- The association of cryptorchidism with homozygosity for the specific ESR1 haplotype suggests the relevance of genetic susceptibility to estrogenic environmental endocrine disruptors
- SF3a p120 potentiated hERalpha-mediated RNA splicing, and notably, the potentiation of RNA splicing by SF3a p120 depended on hER Ser-118 phosphorylation
- Our studies suggested that pRb2/p130-complexes bind to the ER-alpha promoter and could be involved in the transcriptional regulation of the ER-alpha gene by altering chromatin structure and DNA methylation pattern.
- Estrogen receptor alpha codon 594 genotype may influence the development of systemic lupus erythematosus at a younger age, as well as a certain disease clinical pattern.
- increased estrogen down regulated gene 1 expression results in inhibition of cyclin T1 recruitment and ERalpha DNA binding
- Haplotypes may incrast thse risk of anxiety disorder, but not a depressive disorder.
- MAPK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascades are involved in the nuclear redistribution of ERalpha by EGF and IGF-I, respectively, and that the activation function-2 domain of ERalpha may be needed for the nuclear redistribution of ERalpha
- ERRalpha mRNA increased 2 h post-exercise in skeletal muscle
- Sumoylation is a new mechanism modulating ERalpha transcriptional activity and ERalpha dependent cellular response.
- AHR-mediated transcription: ligand-dependent recruitment of Era to TCDD-responsive promoters was studied.
- There is differential regulation of estrogen-inducible proteolysis and transcription by the Era N terminus.
- Protein phosphatase 2A regulates estrogen receptor alpha (ER) expression through modulation of ER mRNA stability.
- Common ESR1 polymorphisms have a significant effect on lipoprotein metabolism in women.
- The association of the estrogen receptor (ER) with the complete nonrepetitive sequence of human chromosomes 21 and 22 by combining chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with tiled microarrays has been mapped.
- CHIP promotes ERalpha degradation and attenuates receptor-mediated gene transcription.
- Age-dependent methylation of the ESR1 Cpg island leads rapidly to silencing of the gene within the cells, and hence the colonic crypt within which it occurs.
- expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta do not vary significantly with cancer grade, but expression of the androgen receptor is increased in estrogen receptor negative tissue as well as in grade 2 and grade 3 tumours
- HDAC4 regulates ERalpha activity as a N-terminal coregulator.
- ERalpha directly regulates human suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 promoter activity in human breast cancer cells
- role for genetic variations in the ESR1 gene in determining post-menopausal E(2) levels in women
- GSK-3 interacts with and phosphorylates ESRalpha and is involved in the regulation of receptor activity
- This study suggests that Bst UI polymorphism in ER-alpha gene may be absent or rare in Chinese Han population. Pvu II polymorphism possibly influences the loss of trabecular bone mass in old men.
- interplay between WT1 and ERalpha in control of IGF-IR gene transcription
- ablation of forkhead box A1 expression in MCF-7 cells suppressed ERalpha binding to the prototypic TFF1 promoter
- LRH-1 is transcriptionally regulated by the estrogen receptor alpha reinforcing the hypothesis that LRH-1 could exert potential oncogenic effects in breast cancer formation.
- Data suggest that mutation of the estrogen receptor beta but not alpha is an independent risk marker for premature coronary artery disease.
- Activation of ERalpha by different phytoestrogens in a breast cancer context; a screening bioassay tool to evaluate the estrogenic activity of extracts of herbs and foods
- Bangladeshi natural plant extracts modulate expression of estrogen receptor alpha gene in breast cancer cells treated with transcription factor decoy
- the differential localization of AR and ER isoforms in human sperm reveals distinct roles of these receptors in the physiology of sperm cells
- the ERalpha TA repeat polymorphism has a significant effect on the estrogen responsiveness of lumbar spine bone mineral density after 1 year of hormone replacement therapy in Korean women
- The activation function-1 domain of estrogen receptor alpha in uterine stromal cells is not required for human uterine epithelial response to estrogen.
- ERalpha46 antagonizes the proliferative action of ERalpha66 in MCF7 cells in part by inhibiting ERalpha66 AF-1 activity
- There was no evidence to suggest that the TA repeat polymorphism of ERalpha was associated with venous ulceration.
- The ESR1 c.454-397C and c.454-351G haplotype and longer (TA)n repeats are associated with the extent of coronary artery disease(CAD) in young subjects, independent of the known CAD risk factors.
- Our study does not support an association of the ER-alpha gene with bone mineral density nor body mass index in the Chinese population.
- Her-2 expression was inversely related to estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in breast cancer.
- Phosphorylation of ER-alpha Ser167 is helpful in selecting patients who may benefit from endocrine therapy and is a prognostic marker in metastatic breast cancer.
- Patients with stage I/II endometriosis show a higher incidence of estrogen receptor alpha alleles with fewer (TA)n repeats (12-15 repeats) compared with controls.
- At elevated levels, ERalpha activated, but could not repress, known estrogen-responsive genes.
- the ESR1 c.454-397CC genotype may have a role in stroke
- oestrogen receptor alpha gene is linked and/or associated with age of menarche in different ethnic groups
- 397T/C and -351A/G polymorphisms of ESR1 or haplotypes based on these polymorphisms are not associated with myocardial infarction in a white population.
- In patients with endometriosis, epithelial and stromal cells from endometriotic lesions both express significantly higher levels of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and lower levels of ER alpha than corresponding cells in uterine endometrium.
- Results support a relevant role for the estrogenic pathway, notably the ESR1 gene, in human male reproductive function and advocate a complex trait model for male infertility.
- The results of this study suggest that the PvuII polymorphism in the ER-alpha, or another mutation in linkage disequilibrium with PvuII, in combination with high E2 levels increases breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women
- Results underline the importance of the A/B domain of estrogen receptor alpha in both the differentiating and the neuroprotective effects of estrogens.
- Data suggest that piceatannol and myricetin may contribute to the estrogenicity of red wine since they transactivate endogenous estrogen receptors alpha, and compete with 17beta-estradiol for binding to estrogen receptors.
- NFAT3 may play a role in estrogen receptor signaling in breast cancer cells
- Data show that estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) reduces levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa) in breast cancer cell lines, and that reduction of ERa by sodium butyrate results in an increase in PPARa expression.
- The study concludes that genetic variations at ER alpha gene locus, perhaps, are associated with BMD in Indian women and may influence some determinant of bone metabolism resulting in accelerated bone loss with age.
- Data suggested suggested Arg548 may play an important role in ESR1 function in precocious puberty.
- 14-3-3 sigma expression inversely correlated with estrogen receptor alpha, progesterone receptor and estrogen-responsive finger protein, and positively correlated with myometrial invasion and lymph node metastasis in endometrial adenocarcinoma.
- The largest so far to screen for the ER-alpha A908G mutation in breast cancer confirms the presence of the mutant in invasive breast tumors.
- ERbeta influences ERalpha protein levels
- Epithelial ovarian carcinoma is mediated by activation of ERalpha-mediated transcription.
- More than two-thirds of invasive breast cancers showed a high degree of methylation of the ER-beta promoter.
- Thus, these findings suggest that Hsc70 associates with unliganded hERalpha, and thereby deters hERalpha from recruiting transcriptional coregulators, presumably as a component of chaperone complexes.
- The replacement of Asp-351 with lysine (D351K) or leucine (D351 L) completely abolished estrogen-dependent transactivation without affecting estrogen-binding, DNA-binding and homodimerization activities in ERalpha.
- ESR1 G325C polymorphism is associated with migraine in spain population.
- The (TA)n repeat polymorphism situated in the promoter region of the ERalpha gene has a significant effect on sperm count.
- study proposes a new mechanism by which estrogen receptors and retinoic acid receptors regulate BRCA1-mediated DNA repair by means of CBP
- MUC1 binds directly to the ERalpha DNA binding domain and stabilizes ERalpha by blocking its ubiquitination and degradation.
- These data demonstrate that different phosphorylation sites in the AF-1 domain of ERalpha regulate the agonistic and antagonistic actions of tamoxifen in human breast cancer cells.
- suppressing p53 function is an important component in the pro-proliferative role of ERalpha
- Results show that TAK-778 enhances osteoblast differentiation through an ERalpha-dependent pathway by binding to this receptor and not by increasing the expression of ER.
- ER1 haplotype does not have a strong effect on the estrogen-induced changes in haemostasis and inflammation risk markers for arterial and venous thrombosis
- Data demonstrate that estrogen receptor alpha is a TNFalpha-induced coactivator that becomes a repressor in the presence of estradiol by recruiting GRIP1.
- The expression of estrogen receptor-alpha had no effect on survival.
- ERalpha PvuII pp and ERalpha XbaI xx polymorphisms were associated with a nonsignificant elevated risk; associations seemed to be stronger among women with a family history of breast cancer.
- Acetylation is a modulator of the ligand-dependent gene regulatory activity of ERalpha; conserved lysine residues in ERalpha (Lys266 and Lys268) are the primary targets of p300-mediated acetylation.
- Women affected by endometriosis with ERalpha polymorphic allele, even if heterozygous, have worse prognosis. ERalpha gene polymorphisms may be included among genetic risk factors for endometriosis.
- a polymorphism in the estrogen-receptor-signaling pathway increases breast cancer risk
- No evidence for estrogen receptor 1 gene polymorphisms in intron 1 and exon 4 with migraine susceptibility.
- ESR1 gene variants are associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness and a more rapid lung function decline especially in female subjects.
- Our data suggest a novel ER subtype-specific neuroprotective action by repressing calpain expression and calpain activity under conditions of a massive Ca2+ influx.
- Expresssion of estrogen receptor-alpha was reduced in cultured cells compared with whole tissue.
- The association of 2 ESR1 gene polymorphisms (the XbaI and PvuII sites) with cognitive impairment on the Orientation-Memory-Concentration test in postmenopausal Danish women showed a marginal effect of the XbaI polymorphism.
- analysis of estrogen receptor alpha signaling in non-tumorigenic human mammary epithelial cells
- vinca alkaloids decrease ERalpha protein levels in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7
- Sp3 and Sp4 cooperatively interact with ERalpha to activate VEGFR2
- Carriage of the ESR1 IVS1-397 T/C (PvuII), COMT G158A, and the CYP17A 34T-->C SNPs is not associated with the susceptibility to uterine leiomyoma in a Caucasian population.
- Estrogen receptor alpha interacts with Galpha13 to drive actin remodeling and endothelial cell migration.
- ERalpha-mediated repression of hepatic transporters and alterations of bile acid biosynthesis may contribute to development of EE2-induced hepatotoxicity
- Estrogen-occupied estrogen receptor represses cyclin G2 gene expression and recruits a repressor complex at the cyclin G2 promoter
- The results indicate that estrogen plus overexpressed ERalpha induce LoVo cell apoptosis might mediate through the increase of hTNF-alpha gene expression, which in turn activate caspase-8, -9 and caspase-3 and lead to the DNA fragmentation and apoptosis.
- overexpressed hER-beta but not hER-alpha may induce caspase-8-mediated apoptosis by increasing the hTNF-alpha gene expression in a ligand-dependent manner in poorly differentiated HA22T cells
- BARX2 and estrogen receptor alpha may coordinately regulate cell growth, survival and invasion pathways that are critical to breast cancer progression.
- classical estrogen receptors mediate rapid signals induced by estradiol in these cells
- metastasis associated 1 family, member 2 is a repressor of ERalpha activity and that it could represent a new therapeutic target of ERalpha action in human breast tumors
- ER/PR/AR-negative cells transfected with AR were killed by DHEAS/AI treatment, providing evidence that AR is responsible for this effect. This provides the first AR-targeted hormonal therapy for ER breast cancer.
- ERbeta selectivity of OBCP ligands can be attributed to a combination of their interactions with Met-336 in ERbeta and Met-421 in ERalpha
- aryl hydrocarbon receptor-ERalpha/Sp1 transcription factor cross talk is due, in part, to enhanced association of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and ERalpha
- a 1.8-fold increase in ERalpha mRNA and protein in end-stage human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, n=41), as compared with controls (n=25)
- estrogen receptor alpha expression is downregulated by polyamine analogs in human breast cancer cells
- the DLC1-KIBRA interaction is essential for ER transactivation in breast cancer cells
- PDI plays a critical role in estrogen responsiveness by functioning as a molecular chaperone and assisting the receptor in differentially regulating target gene expression
- upregulation of aromatase combined with downregulation of ERalpha provides a basis for selective action of estradiol produced locally by autocrine or paracrine mechanisms
- To test bioactivity of estrogens, human ESRA ws expressed in a genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain.
- Cav-1-deficient mammary acini displayed increased ERalpha levels and enhanced sensitivity toward estrogen-stimulated growth, with specific up-regulation of cyclin D1
- Data show that estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha36 is a membrane-based, alternatively spliced variant of hER-alpha66 that acts as a dominant-negative effector of both estrogen-dependent and -independent signaling through hER-alpha66 and ER-beta.
- estrogen receptor-beta/NFkappaB crosstalk mediates ICI 182,780-regulated gene expression in DU145 prostate cancer cells
- The estrogen receptor alpha variant lacking exon 5 inhibits estrogen receptor transactivation in hepatoma cells.
- The relationship between venous thromboembolism ESR1 polymorphism was consistent with a dominant model in women and a recessive model in men.
- ESR1 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis B virus carriers.
- BAF57 is a critical regulator of estrogen receptor function in breast cancer cells
- The crystal structure of the ligand-binding domain (LBD) associated with hydroxytamoxifen (HT) was determined to 2.2 A and revealed two molecules of HT bound to the protein.
- PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms in the ER-alpha gene were associated with the risk of developing microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer patients. The BsmI polymorphism in the VDR gene was linked to the risk of developing colorectal cancer
- Longer Tandem Repeats in estrogen receptor alpha is associated with breast cancer
- Estrogen receptor alpha and APOEepsilon4 polymorphisms interact to increase risk for sporadic AD in Italian females.
- The prevalence of ER, PR and HER2/neu positivity in breast cancer of Jordanian women is lower than that of the western populations and close to other populations such as the Chinese and the minor ethnic groups of Northern America (African Americans).
- specific polymorphisms in the CYP1B1, ESR1, and ESR2 genes may play a role in progression of benign breast disease to breast cancer among Caucasian women
- FoxM1 and FoxO3a cooperate to regulate ERalpha gene transcription
- ERbeta had diverse effects on gene expression, enhancing or counteracting ERalpha regulation for distinct subsets of estrogen target genes
- findings suggest that the rate of bone resorption was influenced by ERalpha genotypes, even though these biochemical differences were not evident in bone mass indices
- Both ER alpha and beta could mediate estrogen action in spermatogenetic cells. Presence of short ER-beta form in abnormal germ cells and its disappearance in mature sperm, support estrogen modulation via different ERs during sperm maturation.
- both ERs were significantly overexpressed in macrophages of women with endometriosis compared with controls
- there is an E2-dependent, ER isoform-specific transcriptional activation of the RBBP1 gene, which in part, is explained by the differential activity of ER AF1 and enhancer element binding
- ERalpha activation switched smooth muscle cells to a dedifferentiated phenotype and may contribute to plaque instability.
- A range of ERbeta isoform expression occurs in ERalpha-negative breast tumours.
- Among the glassy cell carcinoma (GCC) cases, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Her2/neu were positive in 2 (18.1%), 1 (9.1%) and 5 (45.4%) cases, respectively.
- Contribution of an autocrine ERBB4/estrogen receptor signaling pathway to tumor growth and therapeutic response should be considered when managing patients with ER-positive breast cancer.
- the allele frequencies of the exon 1 and the intron 1 of the ESR1 gene did not differ between uterine leiomyoma cases and controls (P = 0.325 and 0.175, respectively)
- A study evaluating potential associations between single nucleotide polymorphism variants of the estrogen receptor genes ESR1 and ESR2 and circulating estradiol concentrations in women of 4 races/ethnicities is presented.
- The relationship between ESR1 and ESR2 polymorphisms and bone mineral density in women of 4 races/ethnicities who were premenopausal or in early perimenopause is reported.
- Increases in levels of phosphorylation at serine may play a key role in the emergence of endocrine resistance in breast cancer.
- LMP2-associated proteasome is recruited to the entire sequence of ER target genes, implicating a role for the proteasome in both transcription initiation and elongation.
- ERalpha-truncation mutants indicated that helix-12 and interactions with co-regulators influenced large-scale chromatin modeling.
- polymorphims of the ER-alpha gene, age, years since menopause and educational level are associated with bone density in postmenopausal Vietnamese women
- The association between Akt activation and PR negative expression was observed even in the ER-positive cases
- mammalian PHB2 has roles in mitochondria and its nuclear translocation is estrogen receptor-dependent
- analysis of estrogen receptor-alpha ligand-selective interdomain conformations
- Nuclear ER alpha is enhanced during aging in women, indicating availability of locally synthesized estrogens that may up-regulate ER alpha, by which neuronal metabolism can be augmented in the hippocampus after menopause.
- Estrogens operate in leiomyoma smooth muscle cells through different receptors, alpha and beta.
- Study in a large series of Chinese patients does not show any association of PvuII and XbaI single nucleotide polymorphisms of ESR alpha with increased risk of having adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
- role for hematopoietic PBX-interaction protein-microtubule complex in regulating 17beta-estradiol-ERalpha responses in mammalian cells and discovered an inherent role of microtubules in the action of nuclear receptor
- Altered expression of ERalpha and ERbeta in tumors compared with corresponding normal gastric tissues was more common in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and related to malignant properties, such as lymph node metastasis.
- the PvuII polymorphism of EDR-alpha had a very weak association with femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) whereas XbaI polymorphism was unlikely to be a predictor of femoral neck or spine BMD in Chinese women
- Novel polymorphism in the promoter of a cardiac mRNA splice isoform of ERalpha is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy.
- Gains in area-adjusted bone mineral content in late pubertal girls are strongly associated with ESR1 polymorphisms
- ER alpha down-regulation in the mid-secretory phase, leading to defects in uterine receptivity.
- ERalpha-351 XbaI*G- and -397 PvuII*C-related genotypes/alleles were correlated with higher susceptibilities of endometriosis or leiomyoma.
- expression of mammalian GINS is regulated by 17beta-Estradiol-stimulated estrogen receptor alpha, and PSF3 acts as a gene responsive to transcription factor E2F1
- The present study shows that 17beta-estradiol inhibits the transcriptional and apoptotic activities of the APPct complex by a process involving the interaction of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) with Fe65.
- Binding and dissociation of full-length steroid receptor coactivator-1a (SRC1a) from full-length estrogen receptor alpha or beta.
- In an analysis of breast cancer-specific survival up to 5 years, high Ki-67, high p53, and negative ER as well as aneuploidy of the tumour were significant prognostic factors.
- The expression levels of ER subtypes and AR may be important for the regulation of follicular mesenchymal cells in human scalp.
- estrogen receptor alpha and beta gene polymorphisms may have a role in deep vein thrombosis
- Regions within the F domain of the hERalpha selectively modulate its activity and its interactions with other proteins.
- Data indicate that in the T47D cancer cell line VACM-1 inhibits growth by attenuating estrogen-dependent/estrogen receptor alpha signaling responses.
- provide only minor support for the role of the androgen receptor and ESR1 gene in the etiology of breast cancer
- estrogen receptor expression is decreased in primary tumors and lymph node metastases of human ductal breast cancer after chemotherapeutic treatment
- Reduced ERalpha mRNA levels observed in adipose tissue from obese compared to non-obese women support a role for oestrogen signaling via ERalpha, in control of body weight.
- Genetic variation in genes involved in steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and signal transduction is reported in Greek patients with cholelithiasis.
- Data suggest that cytoplasmic mutant p53 increases Bcl-2 expression in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells.
- ERalpha associated with the ninth intron of the endogenous BARD 1 gene in MCF-7 cells.
- results support the hypothesis that homozygosity for the specific ESR1 'AGATA' haplotype may increase the susceptibility to the development of male genital abnormalities in response to estrogenic environmental endocrine disruptors
- Estrogen Receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) in vaginal wall endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibrocytes was significantly lower in pre-Menopausal women with Stress Urinary Incontence
- ICI182,780 and Ral locally alter the ERalpha ligand binding structure via specific hydrophobic residues of H12 and decrease its transcriptional activity through tighter association with an insoluble nuclear structure.
- Posttranscriptional regulation of ERalpha by a micro-RNA in the context of breast cancer.
- There was a highly significant positive association between p27(KIP-1) and estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status and with p27(KIP-1) and cyclin D1 expression. A trend between cyclin A and PR status was also identified.
- IGF-1 induces phosphorylation and an increase of the AP1 complex, which is phosphorylated and binds to the pS2/TFF1 promoter, allowing recruitment of the chromatin remodeling factor Brg1 followed by binding of ERalpha via its interaction with c-Jun
- The specific XbaI and PvuII polymorphisms of the Er gene are associated with low bMD at all bMD measurement sites in the bulgarian female population. they might become useful genetic markers in osteoporosis risk assessment in this specific population.
- Persons with one or two copies of ESR1 PvuII-XbaI haplotype 1 have an increased risk of late AMD (aging-macula disorder), especially of the wet form.
- The relationship between ESR1 intron variants and type 2 diabetes or end-stage renal disease was studied.
- ERalpha and ERbeta are inhibitory modifiers of Apc-dependent colon tumorigenesis.
- FXR is expressed in breast cancer interacts with ER
- The ESR1 PvuII and XbaI gene polymorphisms seem to affect lipoprotein metabolism in healthy subjects of peak reproductive age.
- F promoter of ERalpha activity may be tightly regulated by a dynamic interplay between these two Runx2 sites, with a predominance of negative effect of the Runx2 (a) site.
- ERalpha splice variants and their age-related changes are brain region-specific
- exonic, but not intronic polymorphisms of estrogen receptor alpha gene might intensify the cholesterol lowering effect of raloxifene
- the ERalpha cofactor RIZ gene has a prominent effect on bone marrow density(BMD), and the P704 genotype modulates the impact of estradiol on BMD
- Common ESR1 polymorphisms are significantly associated with age-related changes in left ventricular structure.
- Estrogen receptor alpha mRNA copy numbers are not significantly different in tissues that are graded as positive by immunohistochemistry and ligand binding assays.
- temporomandibular joint(TMJ) osteoarthritis(OA) patients with PX haplotype had higher risk of moderate or severe pain compared to those without the haplotype; suggests ERalpha polymorphism may be associated with pain susceptibility in females with TMJ OA
- ESRA is a putative substrate for the BRCA1 ubiquitin ligase.
- ERalpha mRNA and protein were undetectable in adrenal zona reticularis, zona glomerulosa and medulla during development
- Fat mass in 11-yr-old children was related to the rs7757956 ESR1 polymorphism
- There was an interaction between lean tissue mass (LTM) and ESRA polymorphisms with respect to their effect on femoral neck bone density in postmenopausal women. Those with TC/CC and AG/GG phenotypes had larger effects on LTM.
- Alzheimer's disease risk was found affected by interaction between estrogen receptor-alpha and butyrylcholinesterase alleles.
- This is the first report demonstrating estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors in the smooth muscle cells in smooth muscle metaplasia outside the endometriotic foci of rectovaginal endometriosis.
- The regulation of STYK1/NOK is achieved independent of ERalpha and suggests further investigation to the relevance of this kinase in breast cancer progression.
- ESR1 amplification may be a common mechanism in proliferative breast disease and a very early genetic alteration in a large subset of breast cancers.
- the C/C genotype of the ER alpha Pvu II polymorphism was associated with a modestly reduced risk of prevalent and incident hip osteoarthritis in elderly Caucasian women
- ERalpha may be required for estradiol modulation of affective and sexual behavior, respectively.
- Female, but not male end-stage renal disease patients with the ERalpha Ser10Ser CC genotype had lower prevalence of protein energy wasting, lower serum triglyceride, higher serum albumin and lower hsCRP levels.
- ESR1 polymorphisms do not play a role in breast cancer risk in Caucasian postmenopausal women.
- Dominant expression of estrogen receptors in penile tissues of children with hypospadias may be the postnatal finding of disrupted estrogen receptor interaction during intrauterine development of external genitalia.
- Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) was significantly downregulated in ovarian tissue of patients with ovarian endometriosis
- Data show that the induction of the gene regulated in breast cancer 1 (GREB1) is mediated by binding of estrogen receptor alpha to three consensus estrogen response elements spread over approximately 20 kb of upstream flanking sequences.
- biological function for DBC-1 in the modulation of ERalpha expression and hormone-independent breast cancer cell survival
- The ratio ERalpha/ERbeta constitutes one decisive parameters to orientate the transcriptional mechanism of a target gene in the presence of agonist as well as of antagonist ligands.
- did not observe an association between ESR1 PvuII and XbaI gene polymorphisms and ischemic stroke or any subtype of ischemic stroke
- Results show a relationship between the presence of the P allele and higher values of cortical thickness in male subjects, indicating for ERalpha a role in the control of tibial bone geometry.
- There were significant phytoestrogen interactions with polymorphisms in ESR1 and NR1I2 genes affecting estrone levels; we conclude that phytoestrogens modulate sex hormone and SHBG levels in postmenopausal women.
- The homozygous T-A haplotype carriers of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms showed an increased risk of severe preeclampsia.
- AHR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) agonists induce ERalpha promoter occupancy at AHR target genes through indirect activation of oestrogen receptor alpha(ERalpha), and support a role for ERalpha in AHR transactivation
- progesterone and glucocorticoid, but not estrogen receptor mRNA are altered in breast cancer stroma
- ESR1 contributes to type 2 diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases risk via pleiotropic effects, leading to insulin resistance, a poor lipid profile, and obesity
- Microarrays performed on 17beta-estradiol or 4OH-tamoxifen (4HT) treated Hs578T ERalpha and ERbeta cells revealed distinct ligand and receptor-dependent patterns of gene regulation, while the induction of ERbetacx did not alter gene expression patterns.
- Results suggest that a relationship between arterial stiffness and -401T/C or 30T/C polymorphisms in ER-alpha is different between sexes in older humans.
- estrogen receptor alpha A908G mutation has a role in breast cancer invasiveness
- Expression of ERalpha correlates with cytokine production in women with endometriosis.
- Oral contraceptives may interact with the ESR1 A908G mutant receptor to drive the development of some breast tumors.
- These results are consistent with previous observations indicating a role of ESR1 genotypes in human infertility and give insight into the complex interactions between genotypes and reproductive behaviours in human populations.
- The mean intima thicknesses in the three genotype groups were 428+/-298 microm (TT), 494+/-371 microm (CT) and 636+/-436 microm (CC). On average, women with the CC genotype had a thicker coronary intima compared with that of women with the TT genotype
- polymorphism of genes involving estrogen-metabolizing pathway, estrogen- biosynthesizing pathway and estrogen receptor pathway may play an important role in the etiology of BRCA1/2 negative breast cancer with hereditary predisposing factors.
- U2-OS cells were used to study direct interactions between fluorescent fusion proteins of ERalpha and the NF-kappaB subunits p50 and p65.
- Data indicate that SMRT, in conjunction with gene-specific and cell-dependent factors, is required for positively regulating agonist-dependent ERalpha transcriptional activity.
- ERalpha interactions with insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) are direct and involve the ERalpha activation function(AF)-1/DNA-binding domain.
- IL6 and ESR1 polymorphisms may have a role in breast cancer risk associated with active and passive smoking
- Estrogen receptor polymorphisms may be associated with increased risk of developing dysplasia of the hip.
- Per2, a core clock gene, links the circadian cycle to the ERalpha signaling network.
- Correlation was observed between promoter methylation and loss of protein expression confirming our hypothesis that promoter methylation is an important mechanism for transcriptional silencing of these genes in breast cancer
- Four SNPs in intron 4 of ESR1 showed significantly different genotype and allele distributions between premenstrual dysphoric disorder patients and control subjects.
- the ERs participate in the transduction of mechanical forces into pro-survival signaling in bone cells, albeit in a ligand-independent manner.
- GSK-3 is required for E2-induced ERalpha phosphorylation at Ser-118 and full transcriptional activity of the receptor upon E2 stimulation.
- Expression of the NERKI receptor resulted in the suppression of mRNA levels for AP, col I, OCN, and IGF-I. While E2 increased mRNA levels of AP, OCN, col I, and IGF-I in ER-alpha cells, E2 inhibits col I mRNA levels in the NERKI cells.
- There may be distinct groups of genes down-regulated by ERalpha. Novel role for ERK phosphorylation at serine 118 in activation function-1 in regulating expression of the set of genes down-regulated by 4-hydroxytamoxifen.
- GATA-3 as a critical component of the master cell-type-specific transcriptional network including ER alpha and FoxA1 that dictates the phenotype of hormone-dependent breast cancer
- Increased expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-beta in ER-alpha-positive breast cancer cells antagonizes a defined group of ER-alpha/estrogen stimulated genes that are involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA replication.
- Tight nuclear binding of the estrogen-occupied estrogen receptor alpha is predominantly mediated by estrogen receptor alpha-DNA interactions.
- ERR alpha can be deactivated by the synthetic molecule XCT790. This compound also induces a proteasome degradation of ERR alpha
- Positive expression of ER alpha in addition to negative expression of estrogen receptor beta proved to be an unfavorable independent prognostic indicator insquamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
- ERbeta was 2.5-fold statistically significantly over expressed in postmenopausal leiomyomas compared to patient matched myometrium (p=0.038), whereas ERalpha and PGR were not significantly differently expressed.
- CYP2A6 is directly induced by estradiol in an ERalpha-dependent manner, implying a biological role of CYP2A6 in estrogen-
- Aberrant methylation of multiple genes (E-cadherin, estrogen receptor, RB1 , p16, p15, p14, and MGMT) is involved in gastric carcinogenesis.
- Physiological postnatal vasculogenesis involves cyclic, E2-regulated bioactivity of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells, predominantly through the ER alpha.
- there is a progressive loss of ERalpha cofactor recruitment to the estrogen-dependent pS2 gene and reduced requirement for cofactor expression in acquired endocrine resistant breast cancer
- estrogen-stimulated GREB1 transcription may involve coordinated ER binding to all three distal consensus ERE motifs
- The collective data indicate that peripheral estrogen receptor alpha-dependent mechanisms determine the shape of in vivo growth hormone secretory bursts and that such mechanisms operate with secretagogue selectivity.
- ability of estrogen receptor alpha to regulate NS5B was suggested to serve as a potential novel target for anti-hepatitis C virus therapeutics
- Polymorphisms at the ESR1 gene are associated with premature ovarian failure.
- The present study examined whether the estrogenic action of imidazolines and piperazines is associated with a down regulation of ERalpha, as reported for conventional agonists.
- identify KLF9 as a transcriptional repressor of estrogen receptor alpha signaling
- cross-talk among ER-alpha, Snail, and the TGF-beta pathway appears to control critical phenotypic properties of breast cancer cells
- These results demonstrate that ER DNA binding is not absolutely required for estrogen to induce breast cancer cell growth.
- Beta-Catenin was co-immunoprecipitated with ERalpha, indicating that these two proteins form a new signaling complex and transcription factor.
- These findings suggest that PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms may affect the age at onset of the first stroke and the probability of developing cerebrovascular disease.
- Ligands caused a robust phenotype, leading to an almost total immobilization of ERalpha, whereas ERbeta retained its mobility.
- Most adult granulosa cell tumors and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors share overlapping patterns of expression of ERalpha and PR with each other, but a subset of cases in each tumor category exhibits unique ERalpha/PR immunoprofiles
- genetic variation in ER gene may influence blood levels of VCAM-1 in women after the menopause
- Estrogen receptor alpha and beta gene polymorphisms are not risk factors for recurrent miscarriage in a Brazilian population.
- an association for breast cancer risk between short (SS) alleles for the repeat variants of the ESR2 and AR genes was found in women of Greek descent.
- estrogen receptor-alpha phosphorylation at Ser167 is indicative of longer disease-free and overall survival in breast cancer patients
- In addition to the activity of RhoGDI alpha in the cytoplasm, it also influences ER alpha signaling in the nucleus.
- Our results point to an antiproliferative function of the unliganded ER alpha through its physical interactions with p21(WAF1) that may also explain the favorable prognosis of ER alpha-positive breast cancers.
- A role for estrogenically regulated LRP16 as an ERalpha coactivator, providing a positive feedback regulatory loop for ERalpha signal transduction.
- study suggests that age, serum vitamin B-12 concentrations, and the presence of benign or neoplastic lesions are independent determinants of ER promoter methylation in colorectal mucosa
- upregulation of ER-alpha and downregulation of ER-beta may represent two discrete molecular events in lobular neoplasia pathogenesis.
- Data show that the inhibition of NFkappaB by ER is mediated by CBP. ER is recruited to the NFkappaB response element of the MCP-1 and IL-8 promoters and displaces CBP.
- Estrogen receptor alpha and BRCA1 are specifically targeted for methylation in sporadic breast cancers
- The effect of chrysin and 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylchrysin on estrogen receptor alpha transcription in MCF-7 cells is reported.
- ER and PR are present in transverse carpal ligament and flexor tendon synovitis, suggesting a role for sex steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of carpal tunnel syndrome.
- Estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta act differently through a non-estrogen response element-mediated pathway and may play different roles in medullary thyroid carcinoma tumor growth and progression.
- the G2014A polymorphism is associated with the presence of osteoporosis while the TA dinucleotide repeat is not
- Short-term exposure of breast cancer cells to 1 nM TCDD suppresses ERalpha protein expression, while chronic exposure for more than 1 year results in the partial re-expression of the receptor.
- The c.454-397T/T genotype associates with first-ever cerebral hemorrhage(CH), particularly in combination with hypertension. Alterations in ER alpha-mediated signaling may be involved in pathophysiology of CH, with putative impact on primary prevention.
- The complementary abilities of ER alpha and NM23-H1 together to influence gene expression, cell migration, and apoptosis could be key factors in helping to determine tumor cell fate
- Therefore, a loss of cell-cell junctions, a key process that occurs during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, should have a broad impact on ER alpha transcriptional functions.
- Strongly positive estrogen receptor is associated with leiomyomas of uterus.
- BTF3 interacts with ERalpha that has been activated either by 17beta-estradiol (ligand-dependent activation) or by epidermal growth factor (ligand-independent activation).
- activation of PKCtheta inhibits the FOXO3a/ERalpha/p27(Kip1) axis that normally maintains an epithelial cell phenotype and induces c-Rel target genes, thereby promoting proliferation, survival, and more invasive breast cancer.
- Report show that ESR1 expression was appreciably higher in malignant breast cancer tissues compared to benign tissues.
- ERbeta/ERalpha mRNA was significantly elevated in endometriosis. Expression of PR-C mRNA relative to PR-A and PR-B mRNA was significantly increased in endometriosis.
- ESR1 gene alleles are unlikely to be a major cause of obesity in women
- In our community-based study of elderly, a polymorphism in the estrogen receptor alpha gene was associated with endothelium-dependent vasodilation in resistance, but not conduit arteries
- Pituitary and/or peripheral estrogen-receptor alpha regulates follicle-stimulating hormone secretion, whereas central estrogenic pathways direct growth hormone and prolactin secretion in postmenopausal women.
- this follow-up study confirms previous findings that the ER-alpha PvuII polymorphism (Pp) modulates the association between exercise and bone mass
- Data suggest that as cells adapt to chronic estrogen stimulation, estrogen receptor alpha is stabilized by a decreased rate of proteolysis and the accumulation of proteasome-resistant, phosphorylated form of receptor.
- The ligand-binding domain is produced in Escherichia coli as a cleavable thioredoxin (Trx) fusion in order to improve solubility and the structure determined.
- Adrenal cortical carcinomas are character- ized by an imbalance between estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta levels and increased aromatase expression.
- loss of p21's cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory property results in hyperphosphorylation of estrogen receptor-alpha, with subsequent increased gene expression of estrogen receptor-regulated genes
- our data suggest that the four analyzed genes do not play an important role in susceptibility to schizophrenia.
- Immunohistochemical expression of ERalpha seems to decrease in the ovaries of women after menopause.
- Distribution of ERalpha PvuII and XbaI genotypes in population of Polish postmenopausal women, is evaluated.
- Estrogen receptor-beta (ERbeta) expression, but not Estrogen receptor alpha, was significantly higher in normal ovarian tissues compared with malignant ovarian tissues
- Determine estrogen receptor alpha and beta in uterine fibroids: a basis for altered estrogen responsiveness.
- 17beta-estradiol induces ERRalpha gene expression in MCF-7 cells through active recruitment of co-activators and release of co-repressors when ERRalpha and AP1 bind and ERalpha is tethered to the multiple hormone-response element
- Intron 1 and exon 1 alpha estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms were not associated with endometriosis in the population studied.
- The positive and significant correlations between the number of CD1a+ cells and positivity of the primary tumour for estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor suggest a possible role for CD1a as a prognostic marker for breast cancer.
- Results show that disease stage, tumor grade, SES, race/ethnicity, negative ER and PR status, rather than negative HER2 status, were risk factors for survival.
- Polymorphisms in the ESR1 gene are unrelated to open-angle glaucoma, but ESR2 polymorphisms seem to lead to increased risk of OAG in men.
- BRCA1 exerts its tissue-specific function through the regulation of progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor-alpha.
- Estrogen receptor alpha, rather than estrogen receptor beta, plays a major role in regulating autoimmunity in (NZB x NZW) mice, and suggests for the first time that estrogen receptor alpha promotes lupus.
- the ERalpha signalling pathway is disrupted by PPARgamma agonists
- In the present review we discuss recent findings showing that, in addition to the canonical estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), the level of various ERalpha splice variants is changed in the human brain in aging and Alzheimer's disease [review]
- mechanisms of resistance of breast cancer cells to endocrine therapies due to the crosstalk between the ER and the HER growth factor receptor signaling pathways
- Hsp22 induction represents a new aspect of the estrogenic response with potential significance for the biology of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells.
- Different modulation of ERalpha palmitoylation exerted by different ligands represents a pivotal mechanism that drives cancer cell to proliferation or apoptosis.
- Thus, the perilipin gene expression is regulated by a transcriptional network controlling energy metabolism, substantiating the functional importance of perilipin in the maintenance of body energy balance.
- Results support a model in which ERalpha/AP-1 complexes modulate F promoter activity under conditions of 17-beta-estradiol stimulation.
- In conclusion, 17beta-estradiol suppressed OPG production by human breast cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent and specific manner, indicating that the RANKL/OPG cytokine system is an estrogen-responsive target in breast cancer.
- MNAR plays an important role in ERa activation of Src/MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways [review]
- p53 has a role in preventing centrosome amplification, ERalpha phenotypic heterogeneity and metastasis in breast cancer
- Our results do not support a strong association between common variants in the ESR1 and EGF genes and breast cancer risk, tumour characteristics or survival.
- Data show a relationship between wild-type ER-alpha and level of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's, and also suggest the possibility that variant isoforms of ER-alpha may be present in frontal cortex of patients with and without AD.
- a statistically significant relationship between the estrogen receptor type alpha c.454-397T>C polymorphism and coronary artery disease were found independent of known CAD risk factors in a Turkish population.
- The PvuII T allele may be a germline risk factor for familial forms of breast cancer and is associated with a specific subset of immunohistochemical tumor phenotype.
- evaluated variants across the entire ESR1 gene for association in African Americans with type 2 diabetes and end stage renal disease
- Results reveal that estrogen receeptor alpha signaling is dependent on protein acetylation and epigenetic regulation.
- We have not been able to replicate the previously reported association between variations in the ESR1 gene and risk of stroke
- Higher levels of ERalpha mRNA is associated with bladder transitional cell carcinoma
- HER2 and estrogen receptor alpha expression depends upon nuclear localization of Y-box binding protein-1 in human breast cancers
- depletion of HDAC2 results in simultaneous depletion of ER and PR, and potentiates the effects of antihormonal therapy in ER-positive cells
- ESR1 knock-in anmals are sensitive to diethylstilbestrol-induced inhibition due to upregulaterated utrerine estrogen receptor beta levels.
- The XbaI/X allele in ERalpha gene is associated to smaller gray matter volumes of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. This allele might increase the susceptibility for senile neurodegenerative conditions, being associated to smaller cerebral reserve.
- Study reports that ligand induces rapid interchromosomal interactions among subsets of estrogen receptor alpha-bound transcription units.
- the T allele of rs2881766 could be a useful genetic marker of PIH. The G-A-T haplotype of rs2881766-rs1643821-rs988328 and the G-A haplotype of rs2881766-rs1643821 appear to be resistance markers of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
- The multifunctional estrogen receptor-alpha F domain.
- estrogen, growth factors and cAMP elicit surprisingly distinct ERalpha-dependent transcriptional responses in human MCF7 breast cancer cells
- the ERNE-145 genotype alters transcription and is associated with increased HDL
- the MAPK stimulation of ERalpha activity involves the phosphorylation not only of S118 but also of S104 and S106; MAPK-mediated hyperphosphorylation of ERalpha at these sites may contribute to resistance to tamoxifen in breast cancer.
- These findings suggest that the G allele containing variants of ESR1 XbaI and the G allele containing variants of ESR2 2681-4A>G may decrease the risk of hypospadias, whereas the ESR1 C-A haplotype may increase its risk.
- methylated ESR1 and 14-3-3-sigma may have roles in development of breast cancer
- Results show that estrogen receptor alpha genotype may be associated with pelvic organ prolapse risk.
- K302/303 of ERalpha protect ERalpha from basal degradation and are necessary for efficient E2- and ICI-induced turnover in breast cancer cells
- luminal ER(+)PR(+) breast tumors contain a minor ER(-)PR(-)CK5(+) population that has the capacity to generate the majority of ER(+)PR(+)CK18(+)CK5(-) cells
- analysis of how ligand dissociation from estrogen receptor is mediated by receptor dimerization
- characterization of estrogen receptor expression profile & regulation of ER-alpha during differentiation into osteoclasts; results provide better understanding of role of ER-alpha regulation during bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts
- constructed and analysed a multi-step model of hER-induced gene transcription that explains the multiple forms of a simple dose-response curve in an in vitro transcription system
- role for estrogen receptor activity in the development of Alzheimer's disease in women with Down syndrome
- This is the first report of the essential role of SPOP in ERalpha ubiquitination by the Cullin3-based E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.
- Suggest that epistatic interactions of ESR1 and ESR2 alleles could be associated with advancing age at menarche among Spanish women.
- The variation in the ESR1 gene is associated with schizophrenia and the mechanism of this association may involve alternative gene regulation and transcript processing.
- The available data indicate a deleterious action of the ESR1 deletion in both male and couple fertility.
- results suggest a novel B cell-mediated pathophysiological mechanism for the etiology of osteoporosis, which is that downregulation of ESR1 and MAPK3 in B cells regulates secretion of factors leading to altered osteoclastogenesis or osteoblastogenesis
- providing a plausible explanation for distinct PGC-1alpha binding to ERRalpha monomers and homodimers
- ERalpha protein exists in neurones in mammalian prefrontal cortex.
- We have discovered common sequence variants that are consistently associated with bone mineral density and with low-trauma fractures in three populations of European descent.
- female-specific association between ESR1 SNPs and neurobehavioral phenotypes
- In youths, evidence of association between rs9322331 & rs9340799 & apoC-II was stronger in males than in females. These findings suggest that ESR1 variation plays an age- and sex-dependent role in determining plasma lipid & apolipoprotein levels.
- The dose of receptor critically mediates estradiol's ability to regulate growth factors and survival kinases.
- analysis of a human estrogen receptor alpha mutation with differential responsiveness to nonsteroidal ligands
- Crucial role of ER in the regulation of the CA12 gene in breast cancer.
- Results indicate that the transactivation function of estrogen receptor alpha is cell-cycle dependent and is coupled with a cell-cycle-dependent association of chromatin-remodelling complexes.
- SNP12 in ESR1 is not associated with the occurrence of cryptorchidism but is associated with the severity of cryptorchidism.
- ERalpha (estrogen receptor alpha) expression was present in ten of ten endometrioid adenocarcinomas but in only five of ten serous carcinomas
- Results show that estrogen receptor alpha is directly methylated at lysine 302 (K302) by the SET7 methyltransferase.
- TIEG is rapidly induced in response to estrogen in osteoblasts by ERbeta, but not ERalpha
- the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase pathway functionally interacts with the ERalpha pathway in breast cancer
- estrogen receptor-alpha is activated by the anion nitrite
- Data show that the TNF alpha may partly regulate the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through the down-regulation of ER alpha expression, which is primarily mediated by a PI3K/Akt signaling.
- In North Indian population, ERalpha and CYP19 genes may be playing a role in the risk of prostate cancer.
- Estrogen receptor and HER2/neu status affect epigenetic differences of tumor-related genes in primary breast tumors
- ER alpha is involved in activation of ERK/mitogen activated protein kinase by genistein by its early association with IGF-IR, leading to hyper-responsiveness of leiomyoma cells, confirming that ER signaling is enhanced by activation of ERK/MAPK.
- Functional interaction between estrogen receptor(ER)s and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) shows that APC may physically associate with ER alpha in a ligand-dependent manner and enhance estrogen-dependent transactivation of the estrogen response element.
- Recruitment of coactivator glucocorticoid receptor interacting protein 1 to an estrogen receptor transcription complex is regulated by the 3',5'-cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase.
- Homozygous ER-alpha disruption markedly affects bone growth, mineral content, and structure but not periosteal circumference. ER-alpha heterozygosity appears to not impair spine aBMD.
- All tested ligands repressed the MMP1 promoter through the L540Q mutant with identical efficacy.
- ERalpha concentrations were low in normal adrenal gland, in adrenal tissues adjacent to adrenocortical ademoma, in carcinoma, and lower in adrenocortical adenoma
- Findings suggest that Vav3 overexpression may aberrantly enhance ERalpha-mediated signaling axis and play a role in breast cancer development and/or progression.
- a combinatorial eNOS/ERalpha complex at the hTERT estrogen response element site and that active eNOS and ligand-activated ERs cooperate in regulating hTERT expression in the endothelium.
- GATA3 is hypothesized to be integral to the ERalpha pathway
- Jab1 is a target of EGFR signaling in ERalpha- cell lines and breast tumors
- The co-occupancy of ERalpha and Sp1 on TFF1 promoter remains at similar level with and without estrogen, while that of ERalpha and Sp3 increased in the presence of estrogen
- Phosphorylation of ERalpha Ser118 and ERalpha Ser167 affects survival in ER-positive breast cancer and could be helpful in distinguishing patients who are likely to benefit from endocrine therapy alone from those who are not.
- These studies demonstrate positive cross talk between ER, c-Src, EGFR, and STAT5b in ER+ breast cancer cells.
- ER alpha plays a protective role in modulating the induction of DNA damage by E 2 in human breast cancer cells.
- The mean number of ERA-positive stromal cells was lower in hereditary vs sporadic cancer.
- ERAP75 functions as a novel coactivator that can modulate ER alpha function in the prostate stromal cells.
- Data suggest that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor might play a role of co-repressor on the transcriptional activity of the estrogen receptor alpha homodimer.
- The results of immunoblotting experiments revealed that both estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and beta (ESR2) proteins are expressed in nuclei, but not in the cytoplasm of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
- Aberrant methylation of ESR1 promoter is associated with acute myeloid leukemia
- Data show that RbAp46 and RbAp48 interact with estrogen receptor (ER)alpha at endogenous, estrogen-responsive genes and alter expression of endogenous, ERalpha-activated and -repressed genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
- Estrogen receptor alpha decreases the DNA binding of NF-kappaB subunits p65 and p50.
- PvuII gene polymorphisms affect CAD susceptibility in man only. The PvuII CC is a risk factor for CAD and it is associated with angiographic CAD severity.
- The effect of Etrogen receptor alpha on slug repression is dependent on the overall level of ERalpha, confirming that slug is an estrogen receptor alpha reponsive gene.
- miR-206 could be a novel candidate for endocrine therapy that targets only ERalpha in breast cancer.
- Cross-talk between notch and the estrogen receptor in breast cancer suggests novel therapeutic approaches.
- ER- breast cancer cells become dependent on Notch-survivin signaling for their maintenance, in vivo.
- In summary, our results confirm the stimulation of ER alpha and ER beta on CRH expression and demonstrate the important roles of the ERE half sites and CRE for the action of ER alpha and ER beta.
- the effects of ring B unsaturated estrogens are mainly mediated via ERbeta and that the presence of both ER subtypes further enhances their activity
- A phosphorylated form of the membrane estrogen receptor-alpha was found to characterize the invasive breast cancer state
- Variation within the promoter region of ESR1 is associated with the extent of hypertrophy in male hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients.
- A significant association was found between necessity of hormone replacement therapy and rs1256049, rs1271572, and D14S1026 in ERbeta and rs2228480 in ERalpha.
- cyclin D1b protein is aberrantly regulated and could contribute to therapeutic failure in the context of ER-positive breast cancer
- estrogen receptor 1, vitamin C receptors SLC23A1 and SLC23A2, and matrix metalloproteinase MMP3 and MMP9 are associated with susceptibility to lymphoma
- Effects of estrogen-like compounds on cell proliferation are dependent on the actual ERalpha/ERbeta expression levels in these cells or tissues.
- Estradiol-induced AKT-dependent phosphorylation of FKHR drives its association with ERalpha, thereby triggering complex export from the nucleus necessary for initiation of DNA synthesis and S phase entry.
- ERalpha plays important roles in conjugated linoleic acid induced apoptosis in human breast tissues
- Results identify single nucleotide polymorphisms that are significantly associated with hip fractures in a Chinese population.
- erk1 E2, a sex hormone, stimulates MUC5B gene overexpression by interaction with estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and by acting through extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).
- ERalpha46 may be involved in the development and/or progression of colorectal cancer via mediating growth inhibition and apoptosis of cancer cells in the presence of 17beta-oestradiol.
- This study clearly implicates WT1 as a mediator of antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer through down-regulation of ERalpha expression.
- ESR1 promoter hypermethylation does not predict atypia in RPFNA nor persistent atypia after 12 months of tamoxifen chemoprevention.
- Significant difference in estrogen receptor expression between high-grade and non-high-grade tumors with bone metastasis suggests that different panels of molecular markers should be used to predict bone metastasis in these 2 groups of tumors.
- These findings indicate that the activation of hTERT expression and telomerase activity by estradiol in human mesenchymal stem cells depends on ERalpha, but not on ERbeta.
- ESR1 amplification might be one mechanism for ER over-expression in endometrial carcinoma, and suggest an early role for ESR1 amplification in the development of a significant fraction of endometrial carcinoma.
- Differential patterns of allelic loss in estrogen receptor-positive infiltrating lobular and ductal breast cancer.
- Altered levels of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes resulting in an increased ERalpha:ERbeta ratio were found in patients with colorectal cancer, with significantly greater alterations in men than in women
- distal ER binding sites are bona fide transcriptional enhancers that are involved in long range chromosomal interaction, transcription complex formation, and distinct structural modifications of chromatin across large genomic spans
- 249 mature micro-RNA (miRNA) transcripts were quantified in estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+)) primary breast tumors of patients with lymph node-negative (LNN) disease to identify miRNAs associated with metastatic capability.
- Data show that the interleukin-6 -634C/G and estrogen receptor-alpha PvuII polymorphism were significantly associated with bone mineral density accrual and that they have an interactional effect on BMD accrual in Chinese adolescent girls.
- The F-domain of estrogen receptor-alpha inhibits ligand induced receptor dimerization.
- Different from ERbeta, p53 interacts with HDAC1 and CtBP1 and forms an inhibiting transcriptional complex that could compete for binding to Sp1 sites with ERalpha transcriptional complex and inhibit BRCA2 transcription more significantly
- miR-221 and miR-222 play a significant role in the regulation of ERalpha expression at the protein level and could be potential targets for restoring ERalpha expression and responding to antiestrogen therapy in a subset of breast cancers.
- ER-alpha transcripts are expressed in human skin dermis, but barely detectable in epidermis or appendages. No site difference between face, arm, or hip. ER-alpha mRNA levels are approximately 10-fold higher than those of ER-beta in human skin.
- Estrogen alpha and progesterone receptor may have a role in preventing progression of breast cancer
- ESR1 amplification is not present in our panel of 274 tumors (168 ER-positive cases). Deletion and breaks occurred in the same region, towards the 3 of the ESR1 locus, suggesting that fragility of this region may lead to inactivation of the gene.
- A comparison of ERs in tissues taken from gastric tumors and adjacent gastric mucosa revealed a loss of ERbeta and a gain of ERalpha in the tumor cells
- These results suggest a unique role of AKT in modulating estrogen signaling in ERalpha-positive breast cancers and highlights how extracellular signal activated kinases can change the landscape of transcription factor binding to the genome.
- The results suggest that the Pvull polymorphism of ER-alpha gene as well as Xbal polymorphism may not be linked with appearance and development of breast cancer.
- Short-term oral contraceptives yielded lower ERalpha and PR contents. Postmenopausal estrogen/progestogen combined therapy yielded lower PR content than estrogen-only therapy.
- ERalpha-phospho-Ser118 may be important in leiomyoma growth and is possibly phosphorylated by phospho-p44/42 MAPK.
- The association between type 2 diabetes and ESR1 variants may be because of other unidentified ESR1 polymorphisms that regulate glucose homeostasis.
- The influence of ERalpha polymorphism should be taken into account among the negative factors influencing the development of osteoporosis, especially in the case of prolonged lack or minimal physical activity.
- Two estrogen response element sequences near the PCNA gene are not responsible for its estrogen-enhanced expression.
- Evaluation of p16 and ESR1 promoter methylation in blood using real-time PCR appears to be very useful for lung cancer diagnosis
- The different ligand regulations of KRT13 are due to ligand-differential recruitment of ER and coactivators.
- Findings suggest that the GGGA repeat from ESR1 and the CAG repeat from AR may be associated with risk of late onset prostate cancer.
- These results point at the importance of the cellular ERalpha/ERbeta ratio for the ultimate effect of (phyto)estrogens on cell proliferation.
- intronic single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with endometrial risk cancer
- decreased BRCA1 levels modify ERalpha-mediated transcription and regulation of cell proliferation in part by altering ERalpha-coregulator association.
- the estrogen receptor 1IVS1-397T allele carriers exhibited an enhanced inflammatory response in vivo and in vitro
- ER alpha mRNA is positively correlated with IGF-I mRNA, which implies that estrogen upregulates the gene encoding IGF-I through ER alpha in leiomyoma.
- In premenopausal women, increased number of ESR1 PvuII and XbaI CG alleles was associated with higher baseline hot flash scores compared with those who had other haplotypes (P = .0026).
- Women with a CHEK2 mutation face a fourfold increase in the risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
- miR-18a prevents translation of ERalpha, potentially blocking the protective effects of estrogen and promoting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in women.
- A significant correlation between ON promoter hypermethylation and the loss of ESR1 mRNA expression was detected in ovarian carcinoma cells and tisuses.
- GAS interacts with oestrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) and participates in both oestrogen receptor-regulated gene transcription and oestrogen-stimulated G1/S cell-cycle transition
- Pueraria mirifica has a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism in postmenopausal women, which may result from the activation of gene transcription through selective binding of phytoestrogens to ERalpha and ERbeta.
- Presence of estrogen and/or progesterone expression in neuroendocrine tumors involving the lung should not exclude a primary pulmonary neoplasm.
- recombinant TF is capable of down-regulating ERalpha expression in breast cancer cells, resulting in decreases in estrogen-mediated cell proliferation and increased invasiveness
- These results provide evidence that hypoxia may stimulate yet unknown factor(s), which can further stimulate ERalpha signal transduction pathways.
- There was a down-regulation of ERalpha and aromatase in the stroma of obese prostate cancer patients compared to patients with normal weight.
- Estradiol downregulation of the tumor suppressor gene BTG2 requires estrogen receptor-alpha and the REA corepressor
- CpG-island methylation of the ER promoter is associated with micrometastases for locoregional recurrence in colorectal cancer
- Estrogen increases transcription in a rapid but transient manner at early estrogen-repressed genes but that this is followed by recruitment of the corepressor CtBP1, a p300-interacting partner that plays an essential role in the repressive process.
- Wnt-5a signaling acts to re-establish ERalpha expression in ERalpha-negative breast cancer cells.