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Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for CD44(NM_000610.3) Search again
Product ID:
HQP022972
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
CDW44, CSPG8, ECM-III, ECMR-III, H-CAM, HCELL, HUTCH-1, HUTCH-I, Hermes-1, IN, LHR, MC56, MDU2, MDU3, MIC4, Pgp1
Gene Description:
CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Target Gene Accession:
NM_000610.3(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Validated result:
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| A | B |
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Each All-in-One™ qPCR Primer is experimentally validated to yield a single dissociation curve peak and to generate a single amplification of the correct size for the targeted gene. A cDNA Pool, containing reverse transcript products of 8 different human tissue total RNA(Liver, Testis,Muscle,Thyroid,Brain,Spleen,Stomach,Small Intestine)),was used as the qPCR validation template. qPCR was performed using 0.2 µM primer with 2XAll-in-One™ qPCR Mix (Catalog#: QP001,QP002,QP004,QP005). Reactions were incubated for 10min. at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 sec.; 60°C, 20 sec. and 72°C, 15sec. using Bio-Rad iQ5™ Instrument. At the end of the last cycle, temperature was increased from 72 to 95°C to produce a melting curve. Panel A: Validated Result for Amplification Curve; Panel B: Validated Result for Melting Curve. |
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Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. It is a receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA) and can also interact with other ligands, such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This protein participates in a wide variety of cellular functions including lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, hematopoiesis, and tumor metastasis.
Gene References into function
- Interaction of CD44 when cross-linked on rheumatoid synovial cells with hyaluronan fragments present in the surrounding extracellular matrix augments Fas expression and Fas-mediated apoptosis of synovial cells.
- Hyaluronate receptors mediate glioma cell migration and proliferation. The expression of the HA-receptors, CD44, and RHAMM, is virtually ubiquitous amongst glioma cell lines, and glioma tumor specimens.
- Expression in uterine smooth muscle tumors
- cd44 dependent group A Streptococcus binding to keratinocytes induce cytoskeletal rearrangements
- results suggest that CD44S and CD44v5 are differentially expressed in early and advanced ovarian serous carcinomas and support previous studies that suggest a role for CD44 and stromal hyaluronic acid in the dissemination of ovarian epithelial cancer
- sCD44 levels could be a useful prognostic marker for aggressive lymphoma
- Three SIBLINGs (small integrin-binding ligand, N-linked glycoproteins) enhance factor H's cofactor activity enabling MCP-like cellular evasion of complement-mediated attack.
- wide prevalence of CD44 cleavage suggests that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of human tumors
- variant isoforms involved in plasma cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells and in the multiple myeloma disease process
- In mice, CD44 plays a role in resolving the inflammatory response following lung injury by clearance of inflammatory hyaluronan fragments, clearance of apoptotic PMNs, and generation of active TGFbeta 1.
- A novel PKC-regulated mechanism controls CD44 ezrin association and directional cell motility.
- TNFalpha and IL-8 regulate the expression and function of CD44 variant proteins in human colon carcinoma cells.
- CD44 directs membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase to lamellipodia by associating with its hemopexin-like domain.
- CD44 interaction with the TGF-betaRI kinase promotes activation of multiple signaling pathways required for ankyrin-membrane interaction, tumor cell migration, and oncogenic events during HA and TGF-beta-mediated metastatic breast tumor progression
- CD44 has a functional role in inflammatory processes and tumor susceptibility
- a signal transduction cascade or cross-talk emanating from CD44 to c-Met
- Initial steps of Shigella binding and cell entry depend on the cholesterol/sphingolipid raft-mediated CD44-IpaB interaction.
- Data suggest that intramembranous processing of CD44 occurs by a presenilin-1-dependent gamma-secretase activity at two distinct sites.
- CD44 spontaneously released from normal bronchial epithelial cells can accumulate as an integral component of the matrix, where it may play a role in the organization of matrices and in anchoring growth factors and chemokines to the matrix
- Hyaluronan-CD44 interaction inhibits migration of osteoclast-like cells by down-regulating MMP-9.
- Engagement of CD44 either by its natural ligand hyaluronan or a specific antibody on a cell line induced tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of focal adhesion kinase.
- reduction in the expression of CD44 may confer growth advantage and malignant properties to tumour cells
- Autocrine/paracrine prostaglandin E2 production by non-small cell lung cancer cells regulates antigen in cox-2-dependent invasion
- exon v10-encoded B[X(7)]B motif is solely responsible for the enhanced adhesive activity of exon v10-containing CD44 isoforms
- results show that genes such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1alpha, and beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)-AR) were specifically up-regulated by CD44 ligation, suggesting a novel role for CD44 in immunoregulation and inflammation
- CD44 induction in THP-1 monocytic cells is the result of the distinct involvement of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling and may require JNK-dependent activation of Egr-1.
- Butyrate significantly inhibited transcription of the CD44 gene and abolished epidermal growth factor-mediated up-regulation of the reporter gene luciferase subcloned upstream to the CD44 promoter (-1.1 kb) and transfected to HM7 cells
- studied CD44v6 expression in intraductal papilloma, and its malignant transformation, intraductal breast carcinoma
- Increase of CD44s, MMP-9, and Ki-67 were involved in the growth and local invasion of osteosarcoma.
- Antagonistic signaling pathways regulate alternative splicing in T cells.
- Crystal retention in human kidney may depend on expression of CD44 antigen-, osteopontin-, and hyaluronic acid-rich cell coats by damaged distal tubular epithelium.
- CD44 silencing is controlled in part by a complex and tumor cell-specific process involving hypermethylation of the CD44 gene promoter and exon 1 regions.
- regulation of interaction with hyaluronan by E-cadherin and role in mediating tumor invasion and branching morphogenesis
- CD44 interaction with the alpha 1(IV)1263-1277 region from basement membrane collagen is modulated by ligand glycosylation
- Our present findings suggest important implications for understanding CD44-dependent signal transduction and a potential role of PS/gamma-secretase activity in the functional regulation of adhesion molecules.
- expressed by cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage in vitro and by oligodendrogliomas in vivo; could play a role in migration of tumor cells in oligodendrocytic tumors
- Crosslinking of CD44 on osteoblastic cells with specific antibodies augmented the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1
- role of CD44 variant isoform v10 in adhesion of lymphocytes to melanoma cells
- Review. CD44 and ezrin and their respective complex have properties suggesting that they may be important in the process of tumour-endothelium interactions, cell migrations, cell adhesion, tumour progression and metastasis.
- Data demonstrate that blockade of the ERK pathway suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 3, 9, and 14, and CD44, and markedly inhibited the invasiveness of tumor cells.
- that Src contributes in part to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cell invasion by increasing CD44 levels.
- CD44 interaction with p115RhoGEF and ROK plays a pivotal role in promoting Gab-1 phosphorylation leading to Gab-1.PI 3-kinase membrane localization, AKT signaling, and cytokine (M-CSF) production during HA-mediated breast cancer progression
- The presence of Abeta 1-40 fragment, alone or in combination with IL1beta, induced an increase in the percentage of cells expressing CD44
- Higher relative expression of SR55 protein was associated with an altered pattern of CD44 variants incorporating exon v7 as determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blot analysis.
- hydrolysis by hyaluronan oligosaccharides
- Expressions of CD44s and CD44v6 play an important role in tumor progression.
- CD44 alternative v9 exon contains a splicing enhancer responsive to the SR proteins 9G8, ASF/SF2, and SRp20
- CD44v5 expression is independently positively correlated with the agressiveness of thymic epithelial tumors.
- Post-translational modification of CD44s represents the principal regulatory mechanism of CD44s-mediated functions in melanoma.
- CD44 expression correlates with T stage in renal cell carcinoma, although this correlation does not reach statistical significance; no association of CD44 expression with survival is found in renal cell carcinoma patients who underwent nephrectomy.
- The expression of CD44 standard in 30 oligodendrogliomas was studied in order to verify its possible prognostic role. CD44H could have prognostic value regarding the occurrence of relapses.
- CD44 is important for bronchial epithelial cell binding to hyaluronic acid and that cytokines known to be expressed in inflammation can increase binding independently of the level of CD44 expression.
- We conclude that the cell adhesion molecule CD44 is expressed infrequently in papillary serous endometrial carcinoma.
- analysis of the hyaluronan recognition mode of CD44
- CD44v6 expression and cell adhesion in HepG2 cells depends on osteopontin
- CD44-hyaluronic acid interactions may contribute to lymphocytotropism to skin in acute GVHD.
- CD44 v6 has a role in metastatic potential of carcinoma cells increasing the migration capacity and participating in invasion via changes in adhesion to the extracellular ligands, but is not necessary to modify the clinical history of the metastases
- CD44v6 is upregulated in transformated colon cancer cells
- high CD44 expression is associated with mucinous epithelial ovarian cancer
- cleavage of CD44 catalyzed by ADAM10 is augmented by the intracellular signaling elicited by engagement of CD44, through Rac1-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangement, and suggest that CD44 cleavage contributes to the migration and invasion of tumor cells
- RhoA induced clustering of MMP-9 was observed in advancing lamellipodia at the forefront of endothelial cells, where this proteinase colocalized with RhoA and CD44
- Detection of PCNA and CD44mRNA expression in colorectal cancer may be useful for evaluating liver metastasis of cancer cells.
- CD44 variant isoforms on 55 transitional cell carcinoma tissue specimens were examined and expression of CD44v5 was inversely related to tumor grade
- dermatan sulfate-CD44H proteoglycan is essential for fibroblast migration into fibrin clots and that platelet-derived growth factor, the stimulus for migration, induces the production of chondroitin-sulfate- and dermatan-sulfate-glycanated CD44H.
- CD44 expression in renal allografts correlates with renal function.
- NMR analysis of the hyaluronan-binding domain of CD44
- Maximal CD44 expression on isolated monocytes is decreased in patients with a poor collateralization compared with patients with a good collateralization.
- Heparanase, CD44v6 and nm23 may play important roles in the invasive infiltration and lymph node metastasis in gastric carcinomas
- CD44 was mainly expressed by the endothelial cells of high endothelial venules, fibroblasts in stromal compartments and large mononuclear cells.Its expression suggest that it participates in trafficking of leukocytes,especially lymphocytes to the omentum
- The ability of TSG-6 to modulate the interaction of hyaluronan with CD44 has important implications for CD44-mediated cell activity at sites of inflammation, where TSG-6 is expressed.
- Data suggest that hyaluronan-CD44 interaction with Rac1-protein kinase N gamma plays a pivotal role in phospholipase C gamma1-regulated calcium signaling and cortactin-cytoskeleton function required for keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion and differentiation
- CD44 expression in primary lesions is related to higher frequency of extrahepatic metastasis. This may be clinicopathologically useful parameter in predicting occurrence of distant metastasis.
- alpha2beta1 integrin and CD44/CSPG receptor binding on human melanoma cell activation has been evaluated herein using triple-helical peptide ligands incorporating collagen peptides.
- role in tumor induced angiogenesis
- Recombinant CD44-hyaluronic acid binding domain represents a novel class of angiogenesis inhibitors based on a cell-surface receptor.
- CD44 variants have roles in a feedback loop in endothelial cells in human atheroma and abdominal aortic aneurysm
- Osteopontin protein-binding activity was inhibited by the CD44 blocking antibody.
- CD44 expression identifies astrocyte-restricted precursor cells.
- The conserved binding ability of the Hemopexin domains suggests that CD44 may act as a core molecule assembling multiple Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinases on the cell surface.
- modulating role of CD44 in osteoclast formation appears to depend on the microenvironment
- CD44 variant 4 may influence the progression of colorectal cancer.
- CD44v10 takes part in local cancer progression. (CD44v10)
- High CD44 expression is associated with colorectal carcinomas
- statistical relationship found between HPV16 infection and the expression of CD44v6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- CD44-mediated hyaluronan binding in myeloid cells is regulated by phosphorylated ERM and the actin cytoskeleton.
- Engagement of CD44 mediates deactivation of human monocytes in the presence of tumor cells, an effect apparently involved in IL-1 receptor associated kinase-M (IRAK-M) up-regulation.
- data obtained with human arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro support a role of CD44 in the smooth muscle cell response to the metabolic and hormonal disorders of diabetes
- We conclude that CD44v6 expression correlates with a higher proliferative activity and with a stem cell-like phenotype in both cell lines and with cellular atypia in HT1197 cells.
- CD44 and membranous E-cadherin expression were correlated with the depth of primary tumour invasion.
- CD44v6 expression is associated with deep stromal invasion in cervical carcinoma
- CD44 expression may be a favorable prognostic factor in patients with node-negative invasive breast carcinoma.
- TNF-alpha-induced CD44 expression was regulated by AP-1 through the activation of the CaMK-II pathway, whereas LPS-induced CD44 transcription was regulated specifically by Egr-1 through JNK activation.
- after the 10-year follow-up, expression of CD44v7-v8 was associated with poor prognosis for breast cancer patients
- measurement of CD44v6 expression in peripheral blood by RT-PCR is not suitable for detection of circulating tumor cells.
- CD44 and CD49d are putative activity markers and CD44 a potential novel therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis.
- Serine 180 is the site for chondroitin sulfate addition in CD44H and that this negatively regulates hyaluronan binding.
- Function of tumor-derived soluble CD44, like the transmembrane form of the receptor, can be regulated.
- Patients who later developed renal allograft rejection had statistically significantly increased soluble CD44 levels, but not soluble ICAM-1, IL-2R or CRP in plasma prior to transplantation.
- CD44 is part of the putative cell surface vitamin D binding protein binding site complex and functions to mediate the chemotactic cofactor effect.
- CD44 ligation by MAb induces activation of both initiator caspase-8 and -9 and effector caspase-3 and -7; but only inhibition of caspase-3/7 and caspase-8 reduces CD44 ligation-induced apoptosis
- human cervical CD44 mRNA expression is induced by interleukin-1beta so hyaluronic acid in the cervical tissue is increased because of the expression of CD44
- The cleavage of the ectodomains of L1 and CD44 is initiated in an endosomal compartment that is subsequently released in the form of exosomes.
- Directional migration of breast cancer cells towards hyaluronan is dependent on CD44
- results suggest an established Wnt signaling pathway in most gastric cancers, a close correlation of beta-catenin/TCF4-mediated signaling with tumor dissemination, and the unlikelihood of a direct effect of activated Wnt signaling on CD44 expression
- Taken together, engagement of CD44 (e.g., hyaluronan) and glycated albumin induced the differentiation of resting monocytes into foam macrophages through the induction of MSRs.
- variant isoforms of CD44 on LS174T colon carcinoma cells possess selectin binding activity, in contrast to the standard isoform of CD44 on hematopoietic-progenitor cells.
- SRm160, a splicing coactivator, regulates CD44 alternative splicing in a Ras-dependent manner.
- EGF induces ADAM10-mediated CD44 cleavage through Rac1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, and thereby promotes tumour cell migration and invasion.
- These results are consistent with the concept that tumor cells generate hyaluronan oligosaccharides that bind to tumor cell CD44 through the expression of their own constitutive hyaluronidases.
- Data suggest that CD44 expression level is linked to the cell cycle in gastrointestinal tumor cells, which in turn leads to cell cycle dependent alterations of their adhesion behaviour to endothelium.
- CD44 was methylated in the prostatic tumor epithelium from four of the five patients but not in the tumor stroma.
- results suggest that CD44 splicing variants might play a role in the invasion of trophoblast into maternal tissue in early pregnancy
- There is a cryptic splice site, in intron 6 of the human CD44 gene, used during mRNA processing.
- Increased CD44 antigen is associated with relapses in non-small cell lung cancers
- We conclude that cell matrix factors act cooperatively with cytokines to induce the expression of the components of the NADPH-oxidase in monocytic progenitor cells.
- CD44 interaction with LARG and EGFR plays a pivotal role in Rho/Ras co-activation, PLC epsilon-Ca2+ signaling, and Raf/ERK up-regulation required for CaMKII-mediated cytoskeleton function and in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression
- expression of HCELL confers robust and predominant tumor cell binding to E- and L-selectin
- An IL-6-CD44 feedback loop in macrophages may aggravate atherosclerosis development.
- CD44 ligation triggers a novel caspase-independent cell death pathway via calpain-dependent AIF release in erythroleukemia cells.
- functional experiments, tet-regulated induction of CD44s potentiated the migration and invasion of MCF7F cells through HA-supplemented Matrigel
- CD44-hyaluronan (HA) interaction is involved inand leukocyte adhesion.
- Hyaluronidase and CD44 hyaluronan receptor are expressed in squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma
- Results suggest that hyaluronan suppresses PDGF beta-receptor activation by recruiting a CD44-associated tyrosine phosphatase to the receptor.
- Overexpression of CD44v6 is associated with early-onset gastric carcinomas
- up-regulated CD44s expression in metastases is associated with a shorter disease-free survival of colorectal neoplasms
- BCR-ABL-expressing leukemic stem cells depend to a greater extent on CD44 for homing and engraftment than do normal hematopoietic stem cells
- CD44 is a key regulator of acute myeloid leukemic stem cells
- The order-to-disorder transition of the carboxyl-terminal region by hyaluronan binding may be involved in CD44-mediated cell migration.
- N-WASP plays a pivotal role in regulating hyaluronan-mediated CD44-ErbB2 interaction, beta-catenin signaling, and actin cytoskeleton functions that are required for tumor-specific behaviors and ovarian cancer progression
- CD44 variant isoform (CD44v) is a functional P-selectin ligand on colon carcinoma, providing a novel perspective on the enhanced metastatic potential associated with tumor CD44v overexpression and the role of selectins in metastasis.
- interaction between membrane-bound hyaluronan and the cell surface CD44 was involved in the up-regulation of FasL expression on T cells and subsequent activation-induced cell death
- increased CD44, ezrin, radixin, and moesin phosphorylation represents a key molecular abnormality that guides T cell adhesion and migration in SLE patients.
- Chondrocytes with low chondrogenic capacity expressed higher levels of IGF-1, MMP-2, aggrecanase 2, while chondrocytes with high chondrogenic capacity expressed higher levels of CD44, CD151, and CD49c.
- OPN-CD44(V) interaction promotes ECM-derived survival signal mediated through integrin activation, which may play an important role in the pathogenic development and progression of gastric cancer.
- CD44 surface expression is an important event in the activation of MMP-9 and migration of prostate cancer cells.
- study describes disease-specific CD44 variant expressed on synovial fluid cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients
- an effect of CD44 on tumor cell motility may depend in part on its ability to partner with additional proteins, such as cell surface Rhamm.
- Cell adhesion protein CD44 (especially CD44v6 isoform) expression was up-regulated in cervical carcinoma associated with humanpapillomavirus (HPV) infection
- novel mechanism of apoptosis induction in Crohn disease mediated by CD44v7 ligation
- In endometrium, l-selectin is found in greater abundance in interstitial space than in epithelium.
- Loss of CD44 expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors was associated with disease progression.
- CD44+ breast cancer cells are successful in overcoming an engraftment incompatibility that exists when injecting human cells into mouse adipose tissue
- claudin-7-associated EpCAM is recruited into (tetraspanin-enriched membrane microdomains) and forms a complex with CO-029 and CD44v6 that facilitates metastasis formation
- Two novel CD44 antigens of high incidence have been identified: IN3 (INFI) and IN4 (INJA) in the IN (Indian) blood group system. Lack of IN3 and IN4 results from homozygosity for mutations encoding H85Q and T163R in CD44, respectively.
- TNM staging, preoperative CEA and CD44v6 were independent prognostic factors for rectal cancer patients with total mesorectal excision.
- CD44-induced cell migration is dependent on its complex formation with Lyn and its consequent regulation of AKT phosphorylation in colon cancer cells.
- Low expression of CD44s is related to tumour cell invasiveness and may be of clinical relevance as a prognostic factor.
- Data indicate a positive association of CD44 expression with the malignant activities of CNE-2L2 cells and suggest a possible therapeutic effect of direct introduction of siRNA to CD44 into tumors in some solid tumors with high expression of CD44 gene.
- SolCD44 is elevated in the majority of head and neck cancer
- CD44+alpha2beta1+ cell population is enriched in tumor-initiatin prostate cancer cells
- AML1-ETO and its splice variant AML1-ETO9a regulate the expression of the CD44 gene, linking the 8;21 translocation to the regulation of a cell adhesion molecule that is involved in the growth and maintenance of the acute myeloid leukemia blast/stem cell
- CD44 may have an important role in the development of malignancy and in the determination of biological features of keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.
- CD44 is an important regulator of HGF/c-Met-mediated in vitro and in vivo barrier enhancement, a process with essential involvement of Tiam1, Rac1, dynamin 2, and cortactin.
- Fuzheng Yiliu granules enhance the immune adhesion function of RBCs and reduce the number of CD44(+)-cells in esophageal carcinoma patients.
- Signals from the extracellular association CD44-ezrin-actin are an important modulator of Fas-mediated apoptosis.
- our findings provided additional evidence that the pathological stress, such as chronic inflammation, altered the expression of CD44 isoforms in oral epithelia and saliva of oral lichen planus patients
- Pesence of many CD44 isoforms, which cannot be distinguished with commercially used antibodies, but may play a different role in pathogenesis and spread of neuroblastoma.
- CD44 targeting by antibody, passively injected into DBA/1 mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and NOD mice with type I diabetes or actively generated by CD44 cDNA vaccination of SJL/j mice with autoimmune encephalomyelitis[review]
- gene expression profiling study of contribution of GM-CSF and IL-8 to the CD44-induced differentiation of acute monoblastic leukemia
- The concentration of the soluble form of CD44, a competitive inhibitor for CD44 and hyaluronic acid binding, is higher in the peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis than in the peritoneal fluid of patients without endometriosis.
- Multisite v3 splicing enhancer is functional irrespective of flanking intron length and spatial organization within v3.
- Results indicate that siRNA targeting a discrete sequence of human CD44 may provide a potential therapeutic option for colon cancer.
- These findings indicate that the secretion of soluble CD44 contributes to colon cancer growth in vitro, possibly as a decoy receptor.
- CD44v6-positive sorted lymphangioleiomyomatosis cells showed loss of heterozygosity at the TSC2 locus; binding of CD44v6 antibody resulted in loss of cell viability.
- Finding identify OPN and CD44v6 as predictive markers of recurrence or aggressiveness in laryngeal intraepithelial neoplasia, and overall, point out an important signalling complex in the evolution of laryngeal dysplasia.
- Expression defines phenotypic stages in B cell precursor develoment.
- higher levels found in the placentas of pre-eclamptic compared with normotensive women
- cell migration involving CD44-mediated signaling through ERK1/2 is modulated by hyaluronan
- Significance of CD44 expression in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and explanaion for results on the relationship between CD44 expression and the biological behaviour of urothelial cells.
- The CD44 gene is silenced in NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by DNA methylation of a CpG island & underacetylation of histone H3 at the promoter. Brahma protein & phosphorylated RNA Pol II interact with the promoter region of CD44.
- These are the first data to suggest a role for osteocytes and OPN in the recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells to aid in fracture repair.
- Various adhesion proteins, including CD44, are involved in the contact of human hematopoietic progenitor cells and human mesenchymal stromal cells.
- staining for TCL1, CD38, and CD44 are useful ancillary tests to identify B-cell tumors
- These findings establish that the HCELL glycoform of CD44 confers tropism to bone and unveil a readily translatable roadmap for programming cellular trafficking by chemical engineering of glycans on a distinct membrane glycoprotein.
- Hyaluronic acid synthase-1 expression regulates bladder cancer growth, invasion, and angiogenesis through CD44.
- We believe that CD44s-mediated adhesion of malignant cells to other cells or to the extracellular matrix is responsible for the invasive features of biliary tract neoplasms, its aggressive progression, and its resistance to treatment.
- study demonstrates decreased expression of CD44s accompanied by increased expression of CD44v6 and increased stromal hyaluronan in breast cancer
- The apparent metastatic potential associated with CD44 overexpression on colon carcinoma cells and the critical roles of P-selectin and fibrin(ogen) in metastatic spread are reported.
- Crucial participants in tumour invasion and metastases are matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase inhibitors and cellular adhesion molecules. They play roles in tumour invasion and metastasis in non-small-cell lung carcinomas.
- Here we show that epidermal growth factor (EGF) and heregulin induce CD44 shedding in JIMT-1, an ErbB2-overexpressing cell line resistant to trastuzumab, accompanied by internalization and intramembrane proteolysis of CD44 and enhanced cellular motility.
- B-CLL cells attached to and bound proMMP-9 and active MMP-9, and this was inhibited by blocking the expression or function of alpha4beta1 or CD44.
- demonstrated, for the first time, that breast cancer cell CD44v4 is a major E-selectin ligand in facilitating tumor cell migration across endothelial monolayers
- diminished or lack of CD44 may be an accompaniment of enhanced metastatic potential
- CEA and CD44v cooperate to mediate colon carcinoma cell adhesion to E- and L-selectin at elevated shear stresses.
- HSP72 was associated with CD44v6 precursor fragments in human colonic carcinoma cells. The interaction between HSP72 and CD44v6 in human colonic carcinoma cells may contribute to study the pathogenesis and immunotherapy of colonic carcinoma.
- Immunohistochemical assessment of both Survivin and CD44v6 status in negative surgical margin may be a valuable approach for predicting recurrence and survival after curative surgery for laryngeal cancer.
- analysis of variant CD44 expression by human fibroblasts
- Clinical significance of the positive correlation of elevated CD44 blood levels and lymph node metastases of breast cancers.
- HA binding to tumor cells promotes Nanog protein association with CD44 followed by Nanog activation and the expression of pluripotent stem cell regulators, and forms a complex with Stat-3 in the nucleus leading to Stat-3 and MDR1 activation
- In vitro reconstructed normal human epidermis expresses differentiation-related proteoglycans (CD44, syndecan-1, desmosealin, and 7C1).
- CD44 has a pivotal role in the trans-endothelial migration of NPCs across brain endothelial cells
- In breast tissue, CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells seem to be associated with lack of lymph node metastasis and a tendency toward an increase of the relapse-free survival of the patients.
- TIMP1 functions as a differentiating and survival factor of GC B cells by modulating CD44 and SHP1 in the late centrocyte/post-GC stage, regardless of EBV infection.
- High molecular weight hyaluronan-CD44 signaling from the apical surface-membrane regulates orientation of mitotic spindle axis to align the parallel to the basal extracellular matrix.
- E-cadherine and CD44 immunoexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma as prognosis factors.
- analysis of CD44 and CD24 expression in breast tumors
- Hyaluronic acid promotes CD44-EGFR interaction, which in turn activates PKC signaling, involving Akt, Rac1, Phox, and the production of ROS, FAK, and MMP-2, to enhance melanoma cell motility.
- Bladder cancer stem (initiating) cells might be among EMA(-) CD44v6(+) subset.
- CD44-positive neuroblastomas produced multicellular metastases predominantly located in the intra- and periarterial space of the lung.
- In the absence of p53 function, the resulting derepressed CD44 expression is essential for the growth and tumor-initiating ability of highly tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells.
- CD44 but not CD24 may be involved in the breast cancer pathway and is a target for oncolytic virotherapy
- This study demonstrates an important role of the dynamic raft reorganization induced by CD44 clustering in eliciting the matrix-derived survival signal through the CD44-SRC-integrin beta1 axis .
- Among the NHE7-binding proteins identified, CD44, a cell surface glycoprotein receptor for hyaluronate and other ligands, showed regulated interaction with NHE7.
- senescence of primary NHP cells expressing progenitor cell markers CD44, alpha2beta1, p63, hTERT, and CK5/CK18, involves loss of telomerase expression, up-regulation of p16, and activation of p53.
- analysis of how the the CD44 tail is released from the cytoskeleton for nuclear translocation by regulated intramembrane proteolysis
- Results show that oxidative stress induces MUC5B up-regulation, which requires CD44 as well as EGFR and MAPK activation.
- The diagnostic efficacy of urinary CD44 and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) mRNA in comparison with voided urine cytology (VUC) for the detection of bladder cancer, was evaluated.
- the utility of immunohistochemical staining for CD44 in distinguishing prostatic small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma from its mimickers
- CD44s and CD44v6 levels in head and neck epithelia, and in lymphocytes, and in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- These results indicate that CD44 is a robust marker and is of functional importance for colorectal CSC for cancer initiation.
- hyaluronan induces cell death in activated T cells via CD44
- OPN combined with CD44 is a promising independent predictor of tumor recurrence and survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
- CD44-binding site is localized within the N-terminal portion of the fibrin beta chains, including amino acid residues (beta15-66)
- Analogous to EAE, in subjects with MS, we found increased expression of Opn in DCs and increased expression of the Opn receptors CD44, beta(3), and alpha(v) on T cells.
- high CD44 expression in nephroblastoma group of tumors may confirm their high malignant potential.
- CD44 may be a marker of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in kidney allograft recipients.
- Interactions among hyaluronan, CD44, and emmprin contribute to regulation of monocarboxylate transporter in the cell membrane of breast cancer cells.