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Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for CCKBR(NM_176875.3) Search again
Product ID:
HQP021662
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
CCK-2R, CCK-B, CCK2R, GASR
Gene Description:
cholecystokinin B receptor
Target Gene Accession:
NM_176875.3(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Validated result:
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| A | B |
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Each All-in-One™ qPCR Primer is experimentally validated to yield a single dissociation curve peak and to generate a single amplification of the correct size for the targeted gene. A cDNA Pool, containing reverse transcript products of 8 different human tissue total RNA(Liver, Testis,Muscle,Thyroid,Brain,Spleen,Stomach,Small Intestine)),was used as the qPCR validation template. qPCR was performed using 0.2 µM primer with 2XAll-in-One™ qPCR Mix (Catalog#: QP001,QP002,QP004,QP005). Reactions were incubated for 10min. at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 sec.; 60°C, 20 sec. and 72°C, 15sec. using Bio-Rad iQ5™ Instrument. At the end of the last cycle, temperature was increased from 72 to 95°C to produce a melting curve. Panel A: Validated Result for Amplification Curve; Panel B: Validated Result for Melting Curve. |
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Summary
This gene encodes a G-protein coupled receptor for gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK), regulatory peptides of the brain and gastrointestinal tract. This protein is a type B gastrin receptor, which has a high affinity for both sulfated and nonsulfated CCK analogs and is found principally in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. A misspliced transcript variant including an intron has been observed in cells from colorectal and pancreatic tumors. [provided by RefSeq].
Gene References into function
- A misspliced form of the cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor in pancreatic carcinoma: role of reduced sellular U2AF35 and a suboptimal 3'-splicing site leading to retention of the fourth intron.
- hGARE is proposed as a new candidate target gene in microsatellite instability tumorigenesis.
- role in activating protein kinase D2
- Hyper-gastrinaemia may promote proliferation of human colonic adenomas that expressnon-truncated CCK-2 receptor isoforms.
- data represent the first evidence for role in regulating cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion and support a role in the progression of carcinoma
- data support the hypothesis that cholecystokinin-B receptor mediated activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is relatively resistant to cortisol feedback inhibition
- induction by oncogenic ras in LoVo and Colo320HSR colon cancer cell lines
- Cholecystokinin-A receptor and B receptor polymorphisms, considered alone, showed no correlation with hallucinations in Parkinson's disease
- the presence of CCK receptors in human ductal pancreatic tumor samples is mainly due to CCK2 expression in residual pancreatic islets and CCK1 in pancreatic nerves.
- this is the first report that provides evidence for the high tumorigenic effect of a constitutively active CCK2R mutant, thus raising a potential role of the CCK2R in human cancer.
- heterodimerization of type A and B cholecystokinin receptors forms a powerful signaling unit with potential clinical significance in promoting cell growth
- findings suggest physiological functions for the CCK(2)R in calcitonin-secretion and gene expression as well as a pathophysiological role in medullary thyroid carcinoma proliferation
- CCK exerts secretagogue action on human ZG cells, acting through CCK2-Rs coupled to the adenylate cyclase/protein kinase A signaling cascade
- A role is implicated for the CCKB receptor gene in suicide completers, the highest gene expression being observed in the cerebellum followed by cingulate gyrus and pre-frontal cortex compared to their age and sex-matched controls.
- Gastrin/CCK-B receptor autocrine or paracrine pathway may possibly play an important role in the progression of gastric cancer.
- CCK2i4svR, a splice variant of cholecystokinin-2 receptor, has a role in agonist-independent activation of Src tyrosine kinase
- Findings are consistent with the notion that genetic variation in the CCK B receptor neurotransmitter system contributes to the pathogenesis of panic disorder.
- the MEK1/ERK1/2 pathway couples the CCK2 receptor to nuclearization and DNA binding of Egr-1
- analysis of interspecies polymorphism in the human and rat cholecystokinin receptor-2 and its effect on the cholecystokinin binding site
- Photoaffinity labeling of the type B CCK receptor provides evidence for the peptide-binding domain to include receptor loop and amino-terminal tail regions residing at the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane.
- human normal, inflammatory, and malignant gastric tissues simultaneously express the classical and alternative splicing cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor genes
- Study confirms that a high proportion of gastric cancer tissue samples express the gastrin/CCKB receptor, which can stimulate the growth of gastrin/CCKB receptor-positive gastric cancer cells.
- CCK2 gastrin receptor may have a role in leukemia
- Gastrin exerts an antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect on human colon cancer cells expressing the wild-type CCK2 receptor.
- The expression rates of gastrin and gastrin receptor are high (about a half) in gastric carcinoma tissues, and there is an association between gastrin and gastrin receptor expression.
- gastrin has pleiotropic effects in melanoma
- Targeted CCK2R expression in the pancreas of Elas-CCK2 transgenic mice leads to the overexpression of beta 1-integrin.
- Splice variant CCK(2i4sv) receptor may contribute to the growth and spread of gastrointestinal cancers through agonist-independent mechanisms that enhance tumor angiogenesis.
- Mutational analysis of the key ITIM residue 438 confirmed that the CCK2R ITIM sequence is required for interaction with SHP-2 and the activation of the AKT pathway.
- Data represent the evidence for the CCK2R regulating invasion and motility of colon cancer cells, and support a role of CCK2R in the progression of colon cancer.
- It is suggested that CCK(2) receptors exert their modulating actions through a nitric oxide pathway, independent of the activity of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase isoform
- A pathway comprising PKCs>Raf-1>MEK-1>ERK-1/-2 mediates the effect of gastrin on the CgA promoter, and strongly suggests that enhanced phosphorylation of Sp1 and CREB is crucial for CgA transactivation through the G protein-coupled CCK-B/gastrin receptor
- increased CCK2R expression might influence the outcome of epithelial inflammation and that the response may be mediated in part by myofibroblasts
- Activation of splice variant of the CCK-2R retaining intron 4 by gastrin transactivates the COX-2 promoter in human colon cancer cells.
- Signal transduction pathway is defined downstream of CCK2 receptor showing that CK1 delta and epsilon phosphorylate PKD2 at 3 sites, resulting in nuclear accumulation of PKD2 and phosphorylation of nuclear PKD2 substrates in human gastric cancer cells.
- neuronal CCK may have a role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm, the metabolism of cerebral cholesterol and in the regulation of the plasminogen system