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Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for CALR(NM_004343.3) Search again
Product ID:
HQP019841
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
CALR1, CRT, HEL-S-99n, RO, SSA, cC1qR
Gene Description:
calreticulin
Target Gene Accession:
NM_004343.3(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Validated result:
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| A | B |
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Each All-in-One™ qPCR Primer is experimentally validated to yield a single dissociation curve peak and to generate a single amplification of the correct size for the targeted gene. A cDNA Pool, containing reverse transcript products of 8 different human tissue total RNA(Liver, Testis,Muscle,Thyroid,Brain,Spleen,Stomach,Small Intestine)),was used as the qPCR validation template. qPCR was performed using 0.2 µM primer with 2XAll-in-One™ qPCR Mix (Catalog#: QP001,QP002,QP004,QP005). Reactions were incubated for 10min. at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 sec.; 60°C, 20 sec. and 72°C, 15sec. using Bio-Rad iQ5™ Instrument. At the end of the last cycle, temperature was increased from 72 to 95°C to produce a melting curve. Panel A: Validated Result for Amplification Curve; Panel B: Validated Result for Melting Curve. |
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Summary
Calreticulin is a multifunctional protein that acts as a major Ca(2+)-binding (storage) protein in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. It is also found in the nucleus, suggesting that it may have a role in transcription regulation. Calreticulin binds to the synthetic peptide KLGFFKR, which is almost identical to an amino acid sequence in the DNA-binding domain of the superfamily of nuclear receptors. Calreticulin binds to antibodies in certain sera of systemic lupus and Sjogren patients which contain anti-Ro/SSA antibodies, it is highly conserved among species, and it is located in the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum where it may bind calcium. The amino terminus of calreticulin interacts with the DNA-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor and prevents the receptor from binding to its specific glucocorticoid response element. Calreticulin can inhibit the binding of androgen receptor to its hormone-responsive DNA element and can inhibit androgen receptor and retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activities in vivo, as well as retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation. Thus, calreticulin can act as an important modulator of the regulation of gene transcription by nuclear hormone receptors. Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with increased autoantibody titers against calreticulin but calreticulin is not a Ro/SS-A antigen. Earlier papers referred to calreticulin as an Ro/SS-A antigen but this was later disproven.
Gene References into function
- location was observed on or near the cell surface suggesting it might participate in surface membrane transport of iron
- Regulation of expression during induction of differentiation in human myeloid cells; evidence for remodeling of the endoplasmic reticulum
- Anti-adhesive activity of thrombospondin is mediated by the N-terminal domain of the cell surface protein
- role in class I loading process
- Data show that CD1d associates in the ER with both calnexin and calreticulin and with the thiol oxidoreductase ERp57 in a manner dependent on glucose trimming of its N-linked glycans.
- Calreticulin interacts with C/EBPalpha and C/EBPbeta mRNAs and represses translation of C/EBP proteins.
- role in calcium homeostasis and apoptosis
- Physical and functional interaction between cell-surface calreticulin and the collagen receptors integrin alpha2beta1 and glycoprotein VI in human platelets
- Maturation-dependent expression of this protein in monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
- Dengue 4 virus minus strand 3'UTR RNA binds with calreticulin in human monocytes
- CD59 is an adaptor for ecto-calreticulin in neutrophils
- identification as a nuclear matrix protein associated with human colon cancer
- disease specific antigenic epitopes on CRT molecule, predominantly recognised by IgA Ab of patients suffering from a particular disease
- calreticulin is expressed in melanoma cells of primary as well as of metastatic lesions and may not have the same causative role as calnexin in melanoma metastasis
- the contribution of both the b and b' domains of ER-60 to the binding with calnexin and calreticulin was revealed
- the lectin site of CRT is the main target for gentamicin binding
- A polypeptide binding conformation of CALR is induced by deletion of the C-terminal acidic region.
- conclude that calreticulin promotes the folding of human leukocyte antigen class I molecules to a state in which, at low temperature, they spontaneously acquire peptide binding capacity
- Up-regulation of calreticulin is associated with bladder cancer
- The thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) binding site in calreticulin, spanning residues 19-36, augments the expression of TSP-1 and is a potent triggering factor for T cell migration.
- modulation of CEBPA by calreticulin represents a novel mechanism involved in the differentiation block in CBFB-SMMHC AML.
- Our study has identified, by immunoprecipitation and direct protein sequencing (LC/MS/MS), binding of CD69 to an N-terminal protein fragment of calreticulin expressed on the cell surface of human PBMCs.
- C1q functions as a chemotactic factor for immature dendritic cells, and migration is mediated through ligation of both gC1qR and cC1qR/CR.
- single C-terminal alpha-helix was of major importance to the conformational stability of calreticulin
- CRT in the post-endoplasmic reticulum compartments may act as a negative regulator of the cell surface CFTR
- These results indicate that the calcium- and zinc-responsive regions of calreticulin reside strictly in the N-/C-domain.
- Novel mechanism by which calareticulin is involved in the regulation of radiosensitivity and radiation-induced apoptosis in malignant glioma cells.
- Calreticulin/NY-ESO-1 interactions provide a direct link between NY-ESO-1, the innate immune system and, potentially, the adaptive immune response against NY-ESO-1.
- CRT is located on the surface of metaphase chromosomes
- Phospholamban in the human esophagus might be of less importance for regulation of SERCA than in heart. Lower expression of calsequestrin and calreticulin might contribute to increased lower esophageal sphincter pressure in achalasia.
- These results show that Calreticulin is likely to play a pivotal role in the differentiation of human colonic adenocarcinomas.
- calreticulin has a peptide-binding specificity for hydrophobic sequences
- CALR and Hsp90 stabilize INSR.
- Two novel mutations in the CALR gene were identified.
- cell surface calreticulin, a known innate immunity receptor, which has been previously proposed as a culprit in autoimmunity, plays a critical role in shared epitope-triggered signal transduction.
- Calreticulin stimulates the anti-oxidant pathway and contributes to short-term hypoxia-induced protection in A549 type II alveolar epithelial cells.
- Calreticulin expression in the clonal plasma cells of patients with systemic light-chain (AL-) amyloidosis is associated with response to high-dose melphalan
- These findings suggest that Ro52 plays a significant role in quality control of IgG1 through the endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation system.
- Data show that the potential MBL co-receptor calreticulin binds to MBL at the MASP binding site and the interaction may involve a conformational change in MBL.
- interaction of calreticulin with amyloid beta (Abeta) was investigated; calreticulin bound Abeta 1-42 in a time and concentration dependent fashion
- calreticulin is increased in peripheral maternal blood early in pregnancy and remains elevated throughout normal gestation; there is a further increase in calreticulin in pre-eclampsia.
- The previously structurally un-described C-terminal is seen as a globular domain, and the P-domain beta-hairpin extends from the N-domain in a spiral like conformation.
- HK2 cells treated with TGF-b for 24 hours showed an increase in CALR expression, at the protein level, compared to control, nontreated, cells.
- TRalpha may follow a cooperative export pathway in which both calreticulin and CRM1 play a role in facilitating efficient translocation of TRalpha from the nucleus to cytoplasm
- a novel role for TSP1 signaling through the calreticulin/LRP1 co-complex in tissue remodeling and fibrotic responses through stimulation of anoikis resistance.
- Hence, the specificity of ER oxidoreductases is not only determined by the physical association of enzyme and substrate but also by accessory factors, such as calnexin and calreticulin in the case of ERp57
- Molecular modeling of a complex containing full-length calreticulin suggests a novel mode of substrate interaction, which may have functional implications for the calreticulin/calnexin family in general.