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Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for TOP2B(NM_001068.2) Search again
Powered by BiozBy default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Validated result:
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Each All-in-One™ qPCR Primer is experimentally validated to yield a single dissociation curve peak and to generate a single amplification of the correct size for the targeted gene. A cDNA Pool, containing reverse transcript products of 8 different human tissue total RNA(Liver, Testis,Muscle,Thyroid,Brain,Spleen,Stomach,Small Intestine)),was used as the qPCR validation template. qPCR was performed using 0.2 µM primer with 2XAll-in-One™ qPCR Mix (Catalog#: QP001,QP002,QP004,QP005). Reactions were incubated for 10min. at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 sec.; 60°C, 20 sec. and 72°C, 15sec. using Bio-Rad iQ5™ Instrument. At the end of the last cycle, temperature was increased from 72 to 95°C to produce a melting curve. Panel A: Validated Result for Amplification Curve; Panel B: Validated Result for Melting Curve. |
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Summary
This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus altering the topology of DNA. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene encoding this form, beta, is localized to chromosome 3 and the alpha form is localized to chromosome 17. The gene encoding this enzyme functions as the target for several anticancer agents and a variety of mutations in this gene have been associated with the development of drug resistance. Reduced activity of this enzyme may also play a role in ataxia-telangiectasia. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants; however, the second variant has not yet been fully described. [provided by RefSeq].
Gene References into function
- topo II is not an immobile, structural component of the chromosomal scaffold or the interphase karyoskeleton, but rather a dynamic interaction partner of such structures.
- shows for the first time that topoisomerase II beta is a substrate for PKC zeta, and that PKC zeta may significantly influence topoisomerase II inhibitor-induced cytotoxicity by altering topoisomerase II beta activity through its kinase function
- analysis of binding sites for NF-Y and Sp1, which are critical for TOP2B transcription
- proteasomal degradation of TOP2beta induced by the TOP2-DNA covalent complex or the TOP2 circular clamp is due to transcriptional arrest but not DNA damage
- topoisomerase II is actively exported from the nuclease and is mediated by a CRM1-dependent pathway
- demonstrated that neither A or B isoform has any preference for a specific DNA conformation as substrate under the conditions used in these experiments
- Topoisomerase II is a potential target for new antilesishmanial drug development.
- When both topo IIalpha and topo IIbeta were removed, the segregation of chromosomes was severely arrested, suggesting that topo IIbeta could partially substitute for topo IIalpha.
- UVA-modified DNA is preferentially targeted and processed by topoisomerase IIalpha and IIbeta.
- This is the first report that conjugated PUFA such as cEPA act as inhibitors of pols and topos.
- Further analysis of purified virus showed that HIV-1 virion contained topoisomerase II isoform-specific kinase activities, which were partially isolated
- TOP2A may have a role in response to doxorubicin-based chemotherapy
- Topoisomerase II alpha and beta isoforms are present in the pre-integration complexes, suggesting their significant role in HIV-1 replication.
- reported that signal-dependent activation of gene transcription by nuclear receptors and other classes of transcription factors requires DNA topoisomerase IIbeta-dependent, transient, site-specific dsDNA break formation
- Reduced expression of topo IIbeta induces apoptosis in part by impairing the anti-oxidant capacity of the cell owing to downregulation of PRDX2.
- EGF may have a role in drug resistance in cultured tumor cells through the downregulation of topoII
- We conclude that topo II alpha and beta nuclear export is inhibited in proliferating cells so that these proteins do not shuttle.
- directed mutation of TOP2B demonstrated missense mutations selected for acridine resistance varied with acridine structure
- Topo IIalpha and beta mRNA expression, but not the Topo IIalpha labeling index, might be a useful marker for sensitivity to etoposide in human malignant neuroepithelial tumors.
- The C-terminal region of human topoisomerase II beta determines its isoform-specific functions in proliferating cells.
- TopoIIbeta binds a retinoic acid response element. Inhibition causes hyperacetylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 & transcription activation.Increased levels of & association with TopoIIbeta cause resistance to RA in acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines.