|
ORF cDNA clones
|
CRISPR / TALEN
|
Lentivirus
|
AAV
|
TALE-TF
|
ORF knockin clones
|
|
Antibody
|
Proteins
|
miRNA target clones
|
qPCR primers
|
shRNA clones
|
miRNA products
|
Promoter clones
|
Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for THPO(NM_000460.2) Search again
Product ID:
HQP018074
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
CAMT2, MGDF, MKCSF, ML, MPLLG, THC9, THCYT1, TPO
Gene Description:
thrombopoietin
Target Gene Accession:
NM_000460.2(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Validated result:
|
|
| A | B |
|
Each All-in-One™ qPCR Primer is experimentally validated to yield a single dissociation curve peak and to generate a single amplification of the correct size for the targeted gene. A cDNA Pool, containing reverse transcript products of 8 different human tissue total RNA(Liver, Testis,Muscle,Thyroid,Brain,Spleen,Stomach,Small Intestine)),was used as the qPCR validation template. qPCR was performed using 0.2 µM primer with 2XAll-in-One™ qPCR Mix (Catalog#: QP001,QP002,QP004,QP005). Reactions were incubated for 10min. at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 sec.; 60°C, 20 sec. and 72°C, 15sec. using Bio-Rad iQ5™ Instrument. At the end of the last cycle, temperature was increased from 72 to 95°C to produce a melting curve. Panel A: Validated Result for Amplification Curve; Panel B: Validated Result for Melting Curve. |
|
Summary
Megakaryocytopoiesis is the cellular development process that leads to platelet production. The protein encoded by this gene is a humoral growth factor that is necessary for megakaryocyte proliferation and maturation, as well as for thrombopoiesis. This protein is the ligand for MLP/C_MPL, the product of myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene. [provided by RefSeq].
Gene References into function
- Jak-Stat and PI 3-kinase activation pathways regulate the TPO-induced survival of megakaryocytic cells via Bcl-xL gene expression.
- Mutations in the 5' untranslated region of the TPO gene are not the cause of the normal or elevated TPO levels in acquired essential thrombocythemia.
- REVIEW: central role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), andother immune-mediated thrombocytopenias.
- While there is increased platelet turnover in patients with chronic renal failure, the kidney does not seem to play a major role in the overall Tpo production in the body.
- binding to platelet thrombopoietin receptor is directly involved in human thrombopoietin plasma level regulation
- Flt3/Flk-2-ligand in synergy with thrombopoietin may slow down megakaryocyte development by causing increased proliferation of megakaryocyte progenitor cells.
- In the presence of EPO and SCF and/or IL-3, TPO enhances bone marrow erythropoiesis in cell cultures derived from patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia.
- Thrombopoietin activates MAPKp42/44, AKT, and STAT proteins in normal human CD34+ cells, megakaryocytes, and platelets.
- The endogenous levels of TPO, IL-6 and IL-8 are elevated in the thrombocytopenic patients with AML and MDS.
- induces megakaryocyte-specific glycoprotein VI promoter and its regulation by GATA-1, Fli-1, and Sp1
- no difference was found in the cord blood level of thrombopoietin between infants born to mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension and those without
- Platelet signaling pathways activated by thrombopoietin may affect mitochondrial transcription via activation of mitochondrial STAT3
- review of TPO role in thrombopoiesis, signal transduction, cellular proliferative and anti-apoptotic mechanisms increasing megakaryocyte numbers
- levels in children with acute and chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and its relationship with mega-dose methylprednisolone therapy
- Tpo concentrations in plasma samples taken concurrently from the right ventricle, the pulmonary artery, and the left ventricle showed there were positive correlations between the Tpo levels and pulmonary artery systolic pressure.
- TPO stimulation of a megakaryocyte cell line activated lyn kinase, shown to be involved in the transduction pathway of the TPO proliferative signal.
- Production of this protein in human hepatic cell cultures is not affected by IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-gamma.
- c-mpl mutations are the cause not only for the hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, but also for the development of an aplastic anemia (AA) in patients with CAMT
- Hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and expansion is reduced 10-20-fold after transplantation of normal stem cells into thrombopoietin null mice
- identification of a potential "silencer" sequence in intron 5 of the TPO gene
- results suggest that one mechanism of thrombocytopenia in patients with cGVHD is low TPO production by BM cells
- Thrombopoietin cooperates with FLT3-L, inducing CD34+ HPCs to undergo a 400-fold expansion in cell numbers.
- Increased serum TPO levels in patients with thrombocytosis in lung cancer which may be related to the activity of neoplasms.
- structure-function relationships in TPO and the activation scheme of c-Mpl
- IL-1beta up-regulates the expression of TPO in megakaryocytic cells.
- The maximal promoter activity of c-mpl was obtained 24 hr after pretreatment with TPO for 3 hr
- Decreased production of platelets by megakaryocytes due to low thrombopoietin concentration could be a possible cause of thrombocytopenia in liver cirrhosis.
- Thrombopoietin induces HOXA9 nuclear transport in immature hematopoietic cells
- Altered regulation of the TPO gene might be involved in the pathogenesis of familial thrombocytosis.
- The Thrombopoietin altered expression provide an opportunity to diagnose and identify subpopulations of MPD patients.
- expression of TPO receptor on platelets until 1 month after birth cause a decreased TPO clearance and keep a high level of free TPO in blood, resulting in the subsequent thrombocytosis in preterm infants.
- mechanisms by which THPO can influence stem cell development
- The effect of THPO on HuMCs in the presence of rhSCF varies, depending on the relative concentration of each growth factor, while THPO alone or in combination with rhSCF supports a unique population of CD117low/CD110+ HuMCs.
- TPO integrates G(i), but not G(q), stimulation, supports integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) activation platelet aggregation independently of phospholipase C but requires PI3-kinase and Rap1B
- Data describe coculture of human peripheral blood cells and mouse stromal cells transfected with c-kit ligand, thrombopoietin, flt-3/flk2 ligand, and granulocyte-macrophage-CSF or with weekly addition of these cytokines.
- in patients with AML, inadequate TPO levels are secondary to TPO clearing by functional c-mpl receptor myeloid blast cells and that TPO may serve as an in vivo myeloid leukemic growth factor
- Preoperative serum thrombopoietin levels are higher in patients with ovarian cancer than with benign cysts
- in HIV infected patients, both the serum thrombopoietin (TPO) levels and the TPO-c-Mpl complexes on the platelet surface were significantly elevated
- thrombocytopenia in dengue disease is associated with changes in the serum levels of thrombopoietin, but not interleukin-11
- human neonatal and adult megakaryocytes have substantially different biologic responses to Tpo and potentially to other cytokines
- Characterization of the molecular mechanisms underlying the alternative splicing of THPO intron 2 that arises from the activation of a cryptic 3' splice site 85 nt upstream of the authentic 3' splice site.
- THPO and VEGF play an important synergistic role in the formation of early ES-derived hematopoietic progenitors that occurs through the c-mpl and VEGF receptors.
- thrombopoietin has a role in mast cell differentiation [review]
- This expt. supports the idea that the proximal portion of the thromobopoietin receptor is required for HSC renewal
- Circulating levels of thrombopoietin may be associated with increased risk of miscarriage.
- Increased TPO levels and the percentage of reticulated platelets indicate that thrombocytopoiesis is more active in prematurity.
- TPO is an important growth factor that can promote endothelial precursor cells expansion ex vivo
- Thrombopoietin protects the heart against injury from ischemia/reperfusion by a mechanism involving activation of protein kinases and ATP-dependent potassium channels.
- A sensitive index of thombopoiesis activity in colorectal cancer.
- Mutation analysis in congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia helps to predict the clinical course and to provide optimal therapy.
- analysis of a family with a splice donor mutation in the thrombopoietin gene that causes hereditary thrombocythemia
- Summarize the structure and functions of THPO through the published evidence on its splicing isoforms and discuss their involvement with physiopathologic phenomena. Review.
- THPO transcription is cell line-dependently initiated at two alternative promoters, which we newly designated P1a and P1
- Report thrombopoietin level in patients with chronic liver diseases.