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Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for INSR(NM_000208.3) Search again
Product ID:
HQP009764
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
CD220, HHF5
Gene Description:
insulin receptor
Target Gene Accession:
NM_000208.3(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Validated result:
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| A | B |
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Each All-in-One™ qPCR Primer is experimentally validated to yield a single dissociation curve peak and to generate a single amplification of the correct size for the targeted gene. A cDNA Pool, containing reverse transcript products of 8 different human tissue total RNA(Liver, Testis,Muscle,Thyroid,Brain,Spleen,Stomach,Small Intestine)),was used as the qPCR validation template. qPCR was performed using 0.2 µM primer with 2XAll-in-One™ qPCR Mix (Catalog#: QP001,QP002,QP004,QP005). Reactions were incubated for 10min. at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 sec.; 60°C, 20 sec. and 72°C, 15sec. using Bio-Rad iQ5™ Instrument. At the end of the last cycle, temperature was increased from 72 to 95°C to produce a melting curve. Panel A: Validated Result for Amplification Curve; Panel B: Validated Result for Melting Curve. |
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Summary
After removal of the precursor signal peptide, the insulin receptor precursor is post-translationally cleaved into two chains (alpha and beta) that are covalently linked. Binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (INSR) stimulates glucose uptake. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq].
Gene References into function
- Chiral mutagenesis of insulin's hidden receptor-binding surface: structure of an allo-isoleucine(A2) analogue
- Role of insulin receptor dimerization domains in ligand binding, cooperativity, and modulation by anti-receptor antibodies
- cross-sectional data suggest a role of physiological concentration of fasting plasma adiponectin in the regulation of skeletal muscle IR tyrosine phosphorylation
- an arginine to cysteine(252) mutation from a patient with severe insulin resistance inhibits receptor internalisation but preserves signalling events
- Sam68 associates with the SH3 domains of Grb2 recruiting GAP to the Grb2-SOS complex in insulin receptor signaling
- Transactivation of INSR by calcitrol
- Insulin-IGF1 hybrid receptors have different tissue-specific responses based on their isoforms
- insulin receptor may play a role in the regulation of ovarian cancer cell growth
- alanine-scanning mutagenesis of the insulin receptor A and B isoforms has identified several new side chains contributing to insulin binding and indicates that the energetic contributions of certain side chains differ in each
- A C/T single nucleotide polymorphism at the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor gene is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome.
- inhibition of insulin-stimulated insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway by disrupting the association of IRS-1/IRS-2 with the insulin receptor
- Donohue's syndrome (leprechaunism) was found to be homozygous for an in-frame trinucleotide deletion within the insulin receptor gene resulting in the deletion of valine 335.
- The IR may serve as a cellular substrate for both protein tyrosine phosphatase forms TC48 and TC45. Differentially localized variants of TCPTP may dephosphorylate the IR and downregulate insulin-induced signaling in vivo.
- Cornea and conjunctiva express insulin receptor in cytoplasm of epithelium.
- dynamics of the interaction between this receptor and protein tyrosine-phosphatase 1B in living cells
- This protein is activated both by human and Caenorhabditis elegans insulin.
- HMGI-Y physically interacts with Sp1 and C/EBP beta and facilitates the binding of both factors to the insulin receptor promoter
- the human insulin receptor gene promoter has a vitamin D response element
- Interaction of filamin A with the insulin receptor alters insulin-dependent activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
- High glucose impairs insulin secretion by affecting insulin receptor expression, splicing, and signaling in islets of Langerhans.
- the presence of a free heavy chain IgG in the circulation from spinal cord-injured subjects blocked insulin receptor binding sites and also blocked the prostacyclin receptor interaction in platelets; insulin-induced NO synthesis was markedly impaired.
- Fibroblasts from leprechaunism patients with mutant insulin receptors have altered gene expression.
- INSR-A, the predominant isoform in fetal tissues and malignant cells, binds with a high affinity insulin and IGF-II, which differentially regulate gene expression.
- None of the polymorphisms in INSR or IRS1 was associated with metabolic syndrome findings.
- Human micro- and macrovascular endothelial cells express more IGF-I receptor than insulin receptor.
- Insulin receptor splicing alteration is associated with myotonic dystrophy type 2
- Linkage analysis and mutation screening revealed missense mutation (Arg1174Gln) in tyrosine kinase domain of insulin receptor gene that cosegregated with disease phenotype.
- Data show that in adipocytes the insulin receptor is localized to caveolae,and that part of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), the immediate downstream signal mediator, colocalizes with the insulin receptor in the plasma membrane and caveolae.
- The C and D domains of IGF-II promote higher affinity binding to the IR-A than the equivalent domains of IGF-I.
- The exon-definition model explains alternative splicing of exon 11 in the insulin receptor gene in-vivo but not in-vitro.
- Mrna elevated in polycystic ovary syndrome. Granulosa cell insulin receptor heterogeneity, together with adiposity-dependent intrafollicular insulin availability, is novel mechanism by which insulin may affect granulosa cell function within follicle.
- Increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, plasma insulin, and decreased erythrocyte insulin receptors preexist in healthy offspring of patients with essential hypertension.
- Molecular modeling of the IRK domain indicated that the ATP-binding site becomes distorted after releasing the nucleotide unless the IRK domain is oxidatively derivatized at Cys1245.
- the G972R naturally occurring polymorphism of IRS-1 not only reduces phosphorylation of the substrate but allows IRS-1 to act as an inhibitor of the insulin receptor kinase, producing global insulin resistance
- Our findings suggest, for the first time, that AMPK activation could reduce the expression of insulin receptor, at least in part, by a down-regulation of the transcriptional level, and this effect may be liver specific.
- This study suggests an association between the affinity of insulin receptors and number of IGF-1 receptors with placental and/or fetal growth.
- This study provides evidence to suggest cross down-regulation of leptin and insulin receptors at both receptor and downstream signalling levels.
- analysis of insulin receptor functional insulin binding epitopes
- Transcriptional repression of the human insulin receptor gene mediated by estrogen receptor beta in U-937 cells.
- activation of T-cells with development of insulin receptors in hyperglycemic conditions may serve as a mechanism for control of glucose entry into these cells and protect them against glucose toxicity
- Receptor binding studies indicate that alpha-PGG binds to the IR and affects the binding between insulin and IR by reducing the maximum binding of insulin to IR without significantly altering the binding affinity of insulin to IR.
- 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) directly binds to the insulin receptor, followed by PDK-1 activation and insulin metabolic effects.
- In conclusion, this study detected no INSR mutations in affected members of a chromosome 19 linked migraine pedigree. Hence, migraine linkage to this chromosomal region may involve other candidate genes.
- Results led to a conclusion that the novel T/C SNP at codon Cys1008 of INSR is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Impaired insulin clearance in part rescues in vivo insulin signalling in muscle in these carriers of a mutant INSR by increasing insulin action on the non-mutated insulin receptors
- C/T polymorphism in exon 17 of the INSR gene is not associated with susceptibility of polycystic ovary syndrome in a Korean population.
- These data strongly suggest that these domains contain an insulin binding site.
- Data show that hybrid receptors formed by insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) have low insulin and high IGF-1 affinity irrespective of the IR splice variant.
- coordinated physical and functional interactions between hnRNP H, CUG-BP1 and MBNL1 dictate IR splicing in normal and DM1 myoblasts
- Differential expression of insulin receptor, IGF-IR, and IGF-I in adhesion fibroblasts may contribute to pathogenesis of fibrosis in diabetic patients.
- These data suggest a role for the IR, but not the IGF-IR, in KSHV-induced transformation of vascular ECs.
- 6 sites of mucin-type O-glycosylation were found at residues T744, T749, S757, S758, T759, & T763 in a 20-residue segment lacking secondary structure, followed by residues 765-770, the mAb 18-44 epitope.
- APS-mediated ubiquitination of the IR induced enhancement of the IR internalization, but did not affect the IR degradation.
- High levels of insulin receptor expression in early stage breast cancers is independently and significantly associated with more favorable clinical outcomes.
- Alpha 1,3-fucosyltransferase-VII regulates the signaling molecules of the insulin receptor pathway
- Data show that IGF-1 acts through insulin receptors to preferentially activate insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2) , but not IRS-1.
- the regulation of glucose uptake, proliferation, and type I collagen production by visfatin in human osteoblasts involves IR phosphorylation, the same signal-transduction pathway used by insulin
- Insulin uptake & dose-response experiments toward activation of downstream signal transduction molecules demonstrated that presence of intact hIR-JM domain which harbors the NPEY motif is essential for Shc phosphorylation but not for IRS-1 phosphorylatio
- PPAR-gamma, insulin receptor with its signaling pathways, and StAR protein constitute a novel human ovarian regulatory system with complex interactions among its components
- Since HMGA1 regulates IR promoter activity, expression of IR gene was impaired causing reduction of IR on cell surface and that compromises with insulin sensitivity.
- provide evidence for a mechanism of adiponectin resistance and corroborate the notion that adiponectin potentiates hepatic insulin sensitivity
- These results demonstrate that the InsR regulates choriocarcinoma cell invasion through activation by IGF-II.
- increased soluble insulin receptor ectodomain level appears to be a more rapid glycemic marker than A1C or glycoalbumin
- CALR and Hsp90 stabilize INSR.
- These data indicate that IR is a tyrosine kinase receptor, which undergoes PS/gamma-secretase-dependent processing.
- Among the analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), +176477 C>T, a novel SNP in the INSR gene, was associated with the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome in a Korean population.
- Insulin receptor serine kinase, PSD-95, and the Kv1.3 potassium channel co-localize to regulate membrane excitability and synaptic transmission at critical locations in the olfactory bulb.
- physiologically relevant levels of naturally secreted Abeta interfere with insulin receptor function in hippocampal neurons and prevent the rapid activation of specific kinases required for long term potentiation
- Carrying the variant allele of the IRS1 Gly972Arg SNP further decreased the risk for colorectal cancer among the INSR-603G allele carriers.
- despite binding equipotency, insulin, and S597 initiate different signaling and biological responses through the same insulin receptor isoform
- compositions of the glycans were determined
- Partial DNA sequences of defective insulin receptor gene in two sisters with elevatetd plasma adiponectin and leptin levels.
- 24 insulin analogues and four IGF analogues were expressed and analyzed to explore the role of amino acid differences in the A- and B-domains between insulin and the IGFs in binding affinity for the insulin receptor
- Polymorphism in postinsulin receptor signaling pathway is not associated with polycystic ovary syndrome.
- differential gene expression of insulin receptor in cells, by insulin and S597
- Corosolic acid may exert its antidiabetic effects by enhancing insulin receptor phosphorylation.
- The first replication study for the reported association of the insulin receptor gene (INSR) with migraine with aura was perfoermed.
- reduced adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase expression, being significantly correlated with the decrease in insulin and prolactin, suggests a role of hyperinsulinemia and hyperprolactinemia in inducing and sustaining obesity.
- autoimmunity to insulin receptors may be causal in insulin resistance syndrome especially for females with ovarian hyperandrogenism, and that IR-ab may be found in insulin resistance syndrome besides those previously defined by the type B phenotype
- Competitive equilibrium binding assays revealed significantly reduced specific binding to the insulin, IGF-I, and IGF-II and their receptors in both the anterior cingulate and vermis of alcoholic human brains.
- Microvascular endothelial cells are sensitive to IGF-I but resistant to insulin due to a preponderance of IGF-I receptors and sequestration of insulin receptors into insulin/IGF-I hybrid receptors.
- The role of the IGF/insulin receptors in cervical cancer cell lines with different Human papillomavirus (HPV) status, SiHa (HPV positive), and C33a (HPV negative), was assessed.
- Crystal structures for inhibitor-kinase complexes in which the inhibitor has different binding orientations and hydrogen-bonding patterns with extracellular-signal regulated kinase 2 and insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, are reported.
- observations document the presence of insulin receptors on primary human prostate cancers
- Insulin interacts in trans with two receptor binding sites to generate high-affinity interactions.
- SRp20, SF2/ASF, and CUG-BP1 act antagonistically to regulate IR alternative splicing in vivo and that the relative ratios of SRp20 and SF2/ASF to CUG-BP1 in different cells determine the degree of exon inclusion.