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Validated All-in-One™ qPCR Primer for CDX2(NM_001265.5) Search again
Product ID:
HQP000553
(click here to view gene annotation page)
Powered by BiozSpecies:
Human
Symbol:
Alias:
CDX-3, CDX2/AS, CDX3
Gene Description:
caudal type homeobox 2
Target Gene Accession:
NM_001265.5(click here to view gene page)
Estimated Delivery:
Approximately 1-3 weeks, but may vary. Please email sales@genecopoeia.com or call 301-762-0888 to confirm ETA.
Important Note:
By default, qPCR primer pairs are designed to measure the expression level of the splice variant (accession number) you selected for this gene WITHOUT consideration of other possible variants of this gene. If this gene has multiple variants, and you would like to measure the expression levels of one particular variant, multiple variants, or all variants, please contact us for a custom service project at inquiry@genecopoeia.com.
Validated result:
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| A | B |
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Each All-in-One™ qPCR Primer is experimentally validated to yield a single dissociation curve peak and to generate a single amplification of the correct size for the targeted gene. A cDNA Pool, containing reverse transcript products of 8 different human tissue total RNA(Liver, Testis,Muscle,Thyroid,Brain,Spleen,Stomach,Small Intestine)),was used as the qPCR validation template. qPCR was performed using 0.2 µM primer with 2XAll-in-One™ qPCR Mix (Catalog#: QP001,QP002,QP004,QP005). Reactions were incubated for 10min. at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 sec.; 60°C, 20 sec. and 72°C, 15sec. using Bio-Rad iQ5™ Instrument. At the end of the last cycle, temperature was increased from 72 to 95°C to produce a melting curve. Panel A: Validated Result for Amplification Curve; Panel B: Validated Result for Melting Curve. |
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Summary
The level and beta-cell specificity of insulin gene expression are regulated by a set of nuclear proteins that bind to specific sequences within the promoter of the insulin gene (INS; MIM 176730) and interact with RNA polymerase to activate or repress transcription. The proteins LMX1 (MIM 600298) and CDX3 are homeodomain proteins that bind an A/T-rich sequence in the insulin promoter and stimulate its transcription (German et al., 1994 [PubMed 7698771]).[supplied by OMIM].
Gene References into function
- Markedly reduced or absent CDX2 expression was noted by immunohistochemistry in 13 of 15 (87%) large cell minimally differentiated carcinomas (LCMDCs), whereas only 1 of the 25 (4%) differentiated adenocarcinomas (DACs)showed reduced CDX2 expression.
- Increased CDX2 mRNA is associated with chronic atrophic gastritis
- expression of CDX2 precedes expression of CDX1 during the progression of intestinal metaplasia;expression of CDX2 may trigger the initiation and development of intestinal metaplasia
- The homeobox gene belongs to the p53-p21(WAF)-Bcl-2 network in intestinal epithelial cells
- These results suggest that CDX2, but not CDX1, interacts with the MUC2 promoter and activates MUC2 transcription, and plays an important role in the differentiation of goblet cells.
- findings suggest caudal type homeo box transcription factor 2(CDX2) inactivation in colon cancer results from defects in trans-acting pathways regulating CDX2 transcription, and CDX2 silencing contributes to altered phenotype of some colorectal cancers
- A Cdx-2 binding site polymorphism (G to A) in the promoter region of the vitamin D receptor gene was reported. investigated the relationship between the VDR Cdx-2 genotype and risk of fracture
- p21 is a transcriptional target of CDX2. Our results may thus provide a new mechanism underlying the functions of CDX2.
- Cdx-2 activates the expression of MUC2 mucin gene in gastric cells, inducing an intestinal transdifferentiation phenotype that parallels what is observed both in intestinal metaplasia and some gastric carcinomas
- results suggest that Cdx2 is a useful prognostic marker for gastric cancer; advanced gastric cancers with both intestinal and gastric phenotypic expression have a relatively good prognosis
- Cdx2 protein is a sensitive marker of intestinal metaplasia in the upper gastrointestinal tract and may be useful in detecting histologically equivocal cases of Barrett's esophagus.
- These results show that Cdx1 and Cdx2 might be indispensable for intestinal phenotypic expression even in gastric cancer cells
- Aberrant expression of CDX2 is closely related to the overexpression of MUC2 in mucinous intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and intraductal papillary neoplasia of the liver associated with hepatolithiasis.
- Cdx2 is a highly sensitive marker for Barrett's esophagus.
- APC and CDX2 have roles in controlling retinoic acid biosynthesis and in promoting a retinoid-induced program of colonocyte differentiation
- CDX2 is a sensitive and specific marker for colorectal adenocarcinoma.
- Cdx1 and Cdx2 inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation by blocking beta-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity
- Cdx-2 is a permissive factor that influences basal CaBP expression in enterocytes and that HNF-1alpha modulates CaBP gene expression during cellular differentiation.
- CDX2 and MUC2 genes are repressed by SOX9 in intestinal epithelium
- identification of MOK, a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase superfamily, as one of the genes induced by a caudal-related homeobox transcription factor, Cdx2
- a sensitive and specific marker for differentiating metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma from mucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma.
- There is a transient loss of Cdx2 in budding tumor cells at the tumor host interface in colorectal cancer, and reexpression of Cdx2 in metastases.
- CDX2 may be considered a sensitive and specific marker of midgut serotonin-producing /EC/-cells and EC-cell tumors, and its expression may be useful in the diagnosis of metastases from occult ETs
- Cdx2 expression in invasive ductal carcinomas may be a novel prognostic marker for patient survival.
- the major factors determining the presence of CDX-2 in colorectal carcinomas at the protein product level may include cancer location and the solid phenotype of the tumor.
- CDX2 plays an important role in gallbladder carcinogenesis with intestinal differentiation.
- Study suggests that CDX2 is a relatively specific marker for tumors with intestinal differentiation; it can be seen in large cell and adenocarcinomas of the lung.
- Cdx1 activates the IAP gene via a novel cis element, whereas Cdx2 inhibits the Cdx1 effects
- Aberrant expression of cdx2 homeobox gene was detected in pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm but not in ductal adenocarcinoma
- marker for cellular phenotype in sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma
- CDX2 expression levels were strongly associated with microsatellite instability and tumor location in the gastrointestinal tract, consistent with a possible role in the specification of gastrointestinal epithelial cell fate in humans.
- Phosphorylation of CDX2 mediates its ubiquitin-dependent proteasome degradation.
- Higher expression of Cdx2 is associated with intestinal-type carcinomas
- CDX2 mRNA and CDX2 protein expression are upregulated in Barrett's IM tissues, compared with normal squamous esophagus, and remain elevated in dysplasia and adenocarcinoma tissues
- disruption of CDX2 in MKN45 cells does not significantly affect their tumorigenic potential
- The loss of Cdx2 expression or transcriptional activity is an infrequent event during tumorigenesis, which does not contribute to molecular mechanisms underlying initiation and progression of most colorectal tumors.
- Cdx2 requires additional factors to activate the enterocyte differentiation program in normal undifferentiated cells
- CDX-2 expression in stomach cancer may be a marker of the progression of gastric carcinogenesis, and that its activation may represent an early event.
- Transformation associated with reflux at the gastroesophageal junction reflects activation by bile acid and acid of a transcriptional program involving NF-kappaB and Cdx2, which mediate intestinal metaplasia and ectopic expression of GC-C.
- Cdx2 was shown to cooperatively activate the UGT2B7 promoter in conjunction with hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha (HNF1alpha), a mechanism previously observed to regulate other intestine-specific genes.
- CDX2 expression was observed in 22 of the 59 (37.3%) cholangiocarcinoma cases, and was much higher in papillary-type than tubular-type cholangiocarcinoma (P = 0.002).
- Based on these results, we hypothesize that Cdx2 is involved in activating Math1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells.
- leptin, which is increased in inflamed colonic mucosa, triggers colonic expression of hPepT1 via the CREB and Cdx2 transcription factors
- Results showed that 10.7% (11/103) of nontumorous gallbladders resected because of cholelithiasis revealed intestinal metaplasia with Cdx2 expression.
- CDX2 can function as a transcriptional repressor, and one mechanism by which CDX2 promotes anchorage-independent growth is by transcriptional repression of IGFBP-3.
- an association between Cdx2 and beta-catenin signaling may participate in induction of transdifferentiation of differentiation in endometrial cancer cells.
- inactivation of CDX2 in esophageal cancer associated with DNA methylation may be an important determinant of the squamous or non-adenomatous phenotype.
- High CDX2 is associated with colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases
- Cdx2 opposes colon cancer cell migration and dissemination. Forced expression of Cdx2 in human colon cancer cell lines retards wound repair and reduces migration.
- In postmenopausal women, the Cdx-2 polymorphism does not influence bone mineral density by itself, but does affect bone mineral density in response to physical activity.
- Bile acids induce overexpression of homeobox gene CDX-2 in human Barrett's esophageal mucosa and adenocarcinoma cell line.
- potential role of CDX2 in the development of human acute myeloid leukemia with aberrant Hox gene expression
- CDX2 inhibits transcription of Cox-2 by interfering with the binding of NF-kappaB on the NF-kappaB binding site.
- Intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia with low expression of CDX2 may serve as predictive markers for gastric cancer.
- The down-regulation of CDX-2 may be an important mechanism in the induction of the Ulcer-associated cell lineage in Crohn's disease.
- In addition to CDX2 and MUC2 antibodies, HepPar-1 immunoexpression seems to have a potential role in differential diagnosis of periampullary adenocarcinomas.
- to distinguish intestinal types of cervical adenocarcinoma from involvement by a colorectal adenocarcinoma...CDX2 is of no value in this regard
- combined analysis of Cdx2 and nuclear PTEN expression can have significant value in distinguishing histological types of gastric cancer and assessing prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.
- changes in CDX2 and CDX1 expression determined by methyl group deprivation may constitute one of the mechanisms sustaining the protective role attributed to folate in colon cancer
- Cdx2 plays an important role in the regulation of intestinal claudin expression not only in gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia but also gastric carcinoma.
- results suggest that genetic alterations of the Cdx2 gene may contribute to the loss of Cdx2 expression and to the development of gastric cancer, especially in the intestinal-type
- combined detection of CDH17/CDX2 co-expression may benefit us in predicting the prognosis of gastric carcinoma.
- The Cdx2 protein is expressed frequently in endometrial lesions with squamous differentiation.
- Significant correlations sre found between claudin-2 and Cdx2 protein expression in dysplasia and intestine-type adenocarcinoma.
- Loss of expression of CDX2 protein may play an important role in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancers.
- Loss of CDX2 and CK20 is more frequently encountered in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer.
- Stimulation of epithelia by the CaSR increased the expression of the tyrosine kinase Ror2, suggesting existence of a unique paracrine relationship for CDX2 homoeostasis in the intestine.
- Explanation for diffuse nuclear positivity with intestinal transcription factor CDX2 in endometrioid proliferations of the uterus and ovary is not clear, but may be a result of overexpression of nuclear beta-catenin.
- frequency and pattern of CDX2 staining in the more common histologic subtypes of cervical adenocarcinoma is parallel to that which is seen for adenocarcinomas of the upper gastrointestinal tract and pancreaticobiliary system.
- Aberrant Cdx2 expression in pyloric gland adenoma of the gallbladder is closely associated with nuclear beta-catenin expression and squamous morule in contrast with intestinal metaplasia.
- Calretinin, MLH-1, and CDX2 may help to differentiate medullary carcinoma from poorly differentiated colonic carcinoma of the colon.
- CDX-2 cannot be used to determine if a carcinoid is primary in the ovary or metastatic from the intestine
- Homeobox gene CDX2 inhibits human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation by down-regulating cyclin D1 transcriptional activity.